SECTION 2 Proteins

As described in the preceding sections protein synthesis involves transcription of the DNA to rtiRNA followed by translation of the mRNA as an amino acid sequence In addition to outlining the mechanics of transcription we have described the relationship among mRNA codons tRNA anticodons and ammo acids... 

Dixon JS. Evalnation of the CASP2 docking section. Proteins Struct Fund Genet 1997 Suppl 1 198-204. 

Indicates endogenous biotin activity in the tissue sections. Protein-bound biotin may be found in adrenal, liver, kidney, Gl tract, lung, spleen, brain, mammary gland, adipose tissue, lymphoid tissue and cell grown in culture media containing biotin (RPMI,... 

Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Protein Chemistry Laboratory, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, England... 

Fig. 5.3. (See colour section.) Protein structure determination by X-ray diffraction. A. Crystals of porcine heart aconitase composed of 754 amino acids. The orthorhombic crystals shown are about 0.5 mm in the longest dimension. B. Film showing the diffraction pattern obtained from the above crystal. These data were used to obtain a 2.7 A resolution structure shown in two representations in panels C and D. Panel C shows the tracing of the protein backbone, with the small molecule (in red and yellow) in the central region depicting the iron-containing cofactor of the enzyme. Panel D shows the space-filling representation. (Courtesy of Dr Arthur H.Robbins, Miles Pharmaceuticals Inc. For details see A.H.Robbins and CD. Stout (1989). Proteins Structure, Function, and Genetics 5, 289 312.

When screening for drug permeability in early discovery, processing the large amount of samples requires sensitive, simple and rapid analytical methods. In order to reduce the analytical workload so that no bottleneck is created, different options have been proposed, including the use of radiolabelled compounds (if they are available) or the implementation of generic LC-MS methods. The use of different additives to the media to overcome previously mentioned limitations, should not compromise the analytical method and should not require additional manipulations for sample preparation. Therefore, efforts have been made to propose and use additives that are compatible with the analytical method (discussed in section Proteins or Micellar Excipients for Sink Conditions ). The use of analysis-friendly additives can result in a significant reduction of cycle time,... 

J. S. Dixon. Evaluation of the casp2 docking section. PROTEINS Structure, Function and Genetics, Suppl. l l(l) 198-204, 1997. 

As described in previous sections, protein polymers such as F-actin, microtubules, bacterial flagella, and the like show various dynamic behaviors. With development of new experimental techniques, I expect we will be able to observe further many different kinds of dynamic behaviors of protein polymers. Protein molecules and their polymers are a complex system having a large number of... 

Staining Applications Antigen bacteria collagen fungi fats neutons paraffin sections proteins starch processed food tumor eells decayed teeth ... 

The advantages of resonance Raman spectroscopy have already been discussed in section BL2.2.3. For these reasons it is rapidly becoming the method of choice for studying large molecules in solution. Flere we will present one study that exemplifies its attributes. There are two complementary methods for studying proteins. 

The cross-correlation effects between the DD and CSA interactions also influence the transverse relaxation and lead to the phenomenon known as differential line broadening in a doublet [40], cf Figure Bl.13.8. There is a recent experiment, designed for protein studies, that I wish to mention at tire end of this section. It has been proposed by Pervushin etal [4T], is called TROSY (transverse relaxation optimized spectroscopy) and... 

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