Railway fusees

Pyrotechnic substances include those chemicals or mixtures that undergo combustion or explosive deflagration to produce heat, light, sound, gas, or smoke. 

Pyrotechnic ammunition provides pyrotechnic effects for military or civil defense purposes by combining a pyrotechnic chemical with one or more of the following items  

Smoke ammunition including smoke bombs and smoke grenades delivers smoke-producing chemicals to screen the movement of troops or equipment and for marking targets. White smoke is produced by the following chemicals as they explode or spontaneously combust on exposure to atmospheric moisture or oxygen  

Coloured smoke is usually a pyrotechnic mixture of chlorate salts and a fuel which bums and distributes dye particles into the air. Smoke ammunition includes a burster which opens the cartridge on arrival, or it includes a system which ignites the mixture in the container to allow the smoke to pass out through a series of perforations. 

A simple example may include a highway flare, a pyrotechnic substance encased in a paper tube on one end of which is an igniting composition which is struck to initiate the pyrotechnic. On the other end is a spike which is stuck into the ground holding the flare vertical as it bums. Other flares include 

---

Fireworks are a part of die field of civilian pyrotechnics (Greek pyr, fire techne, art) the rest of the field is railway fusees and torpedoes. Military pyrotechnics includes lights for signals and illumination, noise makers for training, heat sources, smokes, and some minor rocket effects. Many of the same formulas and devices are used in both fields with the military devices more sturdily built... 

Weingart18 recommends the first four of the following compositions for railway fusees Faber19 reports the fifth. Weingart s mixtures are to be moistened with kerosene before they are tamped into the tubes. 

Parade torches are made in various colors they are of better quality than railway fusees, burn with a deeper color and a brighter light, and are generally made with more expensive compositions. Below are a few typical examples. Parade torches are... 

Signals, Railroad. See under Railway Fusee , Railroad Torpedo , etc, in this Vol... 

Uses In combination with potassium chlorate for detonating compositions 17 and for pyrotechnic purposes (Railway fuses and torpedoes). 

Railway track signal syn. railway fusees or railway torpedo, warning signals placed on railway tracks that produce a loud report when crushed by the train. 

This view of the Main East haulageway at Tunnel Quarry shows boxes of contact mine fuses being despatched from No. 5 District onto the low-belt which will carry them to the north face of the underground railway platform. 

Monitoring of the breakdown fuses is necessary. Tracks of electrified railways conduct return currents and will have a voltage against the remote ground this voltage is also termed rail potential. The transformer-rectifier must be provided according to Ref. 14. 

---