Radiation quantities

The gray is also used for the ionising radiation quantities, specific energy imparted, kerma, and absorbed dose index, which have the SI unit joule per kilogram. 

NRC. 2001i. Standards for protection against radiation-quantity of licensed material requiring labeling. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. 10CFR20. http //www.nrc.gov. March 13, 2001. 

Table D-5. Comparison of Common and SI Units for Radiation Quantities...

Since 1925, The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements at Bethesda, Maryland has been publishing reports updating the definitions and units for measurements of various radiation-related quantities. Of these ICRU Reports, special mention may be made of reports no. 19 (1971) [radiation quantities and units], 33 (1980) [radiation quantities and units], 36 (1983) [microdosimetry], 47 (1992) [thermoluminiscent dosimetry], and 51 (1993) [radiation protection dosimetry]. A succinct description of various devices used in dosimetry, such as ionization chambers, chemical and solid-state dosimeters, and personnel (pocket) dosimeters, will be found in Spinks and Woods (1990). In this section, we will only consider some chemical dosimeters in a little detail. For a survey of the field the reader is referred to Kase et at, (1985, 1987), McLaughlin (1982), and to the International Atomic Energy Agency (1977). Of the earlier publications, many useful information can still be gleaned from Hine and Brownell (1956), Holm and Berry (1970), and Shapiro (1972). 

Provide a means by which organizations concerned with the scientific and related aspects of radiation protection and of radiation quantities, units, and measurements may cooperate for effective utilization of their combined resources, and to stimulate the work of such organizations ... 

Cooperate with the International Commission on Radiological Protection, the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, and other national and international organizations, governmental and private, concerned with radiation quantities, units, and measurements and with radiation protection. 

Radiation Quantities and Units International Commission on Radiological Units and Measurements Bethesda, 1980 Report No. 33. 

Ruggaber, A., R. Dlugi, A. Bott, R. Forkel, H. Herrmann, and H.-W. Jacobi, Modelling of Radiation Quantities and Photolysis Frequencies in the Aqueous Phase in the Troposphere, Atmos. Environ., 31, 3137-3150 (1997). 

IAMAP, Terminology and Units of Radiation Quantities and Measurements, Radiation Commission of the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, Boulder, CO, 1978. 

Develop basic concepts about radiation quantities, units and measurements, about the application of these concepts, and about radiation protection. 

ICRU (1980). International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. Radiation Quantities and Units, ICRU Report No. 33 (International Clommission on Radiation Units and Measurements, Bethesda, Maryland). 

General expressions for electric (Ek) and magnetic (Mk) multipole radiation quantities... 

Ruggaber, A., Dlugi, R., and Nakajima, T. (1994) Modelling radiation quantities and photolysis frequencies in the troposphere, J. Atmos. Chem. 18, 171-210. 

Quantities and Units-Part 9 Atomic and Nuclear Physics Quantities and Units-Part 10 Nuclear Reactions and Ionizing Radiations Quantities and Units-Part 11 Mathematical Signs and Symbols for... 

Note that the relations for spectral and total radiation quantities are of the same form. 

C When the variation of spectral radiation quantity with wavelength is known, how is the coiresponding total quantity determined ... 

Directional spectral quantities. These describe the directional and wavelength distribution of the radiative energy in a detailed manner. They are of fundamental meaning, but are very difficult to determine experimentally or theoretically. This is why we frequently employ radiation quantities that only include one effect, either the dependence on the wavelength or the direction. 

The spectral intensity Lx(X,f3,p,T) characterises in a detailed way the dependence of the energy emitted on the wavelength and direction. An important task of both theoretical and experimental investigations is to determine this distribution function for as many materials as possible. This is a difficult task to carry out, and it is normally satisfactory to just determine the radiation quantities that either combine the emissions into all directions of the hemisphere or the radiation over all wavelengths. The quantities, the hemispherical spectral emissive power Mx and the total intensity L, characterise the distribution of the radiative flux over the wavelengths or the directions in the hemisphere. 

To summarise, there are in total four radiation quantities for the characterisation of the emission of radiation from an area ... 

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