Radial glia

Saito Y, Sharer LR, Epstein LG, Michaels J, Mintz M, Louder M, Golding K, Cvetkovich TA, Blumberg BM (1994) Overexpression of nef as a marker for restricted HIV-1 infection of astrocytes in postmortem pediatric central nervous tissues. Neurology 44 474-481 Sargeant TJ, Day DJ, Mrkusich EM, Eoo DE, Miller JH (2007) Mu opioid receptors are expressed on radial glia but not migrating neuroblasts in the late embryonic mouse brain. Brain Res 1175 28-38... 

The neural tube is a pseudostratified epithelium, with cells extending between the apical and basal surfaces of the epithelial wall. The neuroepithelium contains undifferentiated populations of stem cells and radial glia (see Ch. 29). With time, both of these cell types give rise to the three main lineages for neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. After the final mitotic division, neurons migrate away from the ventricular surface of the neural... 

Kriegstein, A.R. and Gotz, M., Radial glia diversity A matter of cell fate, Glia, 43, 37, 2003. 

Hevner RF. 2006. From radial glia to pyramidal-projection neuron. Mol Neurobiol 33 33-50. 

Anton ES, Marchionni MA, Lee KF, Rakic P. 1997. Role of GGF/neuregulin signaling in interactions between migrating neurons and radial glia in the developing cerebral cortex. Development 124 3501-3510. 

Luque JM, Morante-Oria J, Fairen A (2003) Localization of ApoER2, VLDLR and Dab-1 in radial glia groundwork for a new model of Reelin action during cortical development. Dev Brain Res 140 195-203... 

Keywords Doublecortin Epidermal grow th factor Fibroblast growth factor Nestin Progenitor cells Stem cells, Radial glia Rostral migratory stream Subventricular zone Subgranular zone... 

Bendvoglio M, Mazzarello P (1999) The history of radial glia. Brain Res Bull 49 305-315. 

Har tfuss E, Galli R, Heins N, Gotz M (2001) Characterization of CNS precursor subtypes and radial glia. Dev Biol 229 15—30. 

Noctor SC, Flint AC, WeissmanTA, Wong WS, Clinton BK, Kiiegstein AR (2002) Dividing precursor cells of the embryonic cortical ventricular zone have morphological and molecular characteristics of radial glia. J Neurosci 22 3161—3173. 

An additional potential source for radial glia lies in... 

Tamamaki N, Nakamura K, Okamoto K, Kaneko T (2001) Radial glia is a progenitor of neocortical neurons in the developing cerebral cortex. Neurosci Res 41 51-60... 

As already pointed out, cells in the late phases of proliferation are born in radial columns of which the Muller cells form the core. The columnar organization is also found in other areas in the brain such as cortex (Rakic, 1972 Luskin et al., 1988), spinal cord (Leber et al., 1990), and optic tectum (Gray and Sanes, 1991) where the radial glia act as a scaffold for the migration of neurons (Hatten, 1990, 1993 Rakic et al., 1994 Rakic, 1995). Muller cells probably play an important role in guiding the clonal cells in columns. 

Glial cells in the human brain are smaller and more abundant than neurons, and are classified according to their structure and function into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, radial glia, Schwann cells and satellite cells. The main functions of glial cells are to surround neurons and hold them in place, to supply nutrients and oxygen to neurons, to insulate one neuron from... 

Lopez T, Lopez-Colome AM, Ortega A (1997) NMDA receptors in cultured radial glia. FEBS Lett 405 245-248. 

Choi BH (1981) Radial glia of developing human fetal spinal cord Golgi, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study. Brain Res 227 249-267. 

Shibata T, Yamada K, Watanabe M, Ikenaka K, Wada K (1997) Glutamate transporter GLAST is expressed in the radial glia-astrocyte lineage of developing mouse spinal cord. J Neurosci /7 9212-92I9. 

Dupouey P, Benjelloun S, Gomes D (1985) Immunohistochemical demonstration of an organized cy-toarchitecture of the radial glia in the CNS of the embryonic mouse. Dev. Neuroscl, 7, 81-93. 

Edwards MA, Yamamoto M, Schwarting G, Caviness VS (1986) Development of radial glia in the mouse An immunohistochemical study with a cell-class specific monoclonal antibody. Soc. Neuroscl Abstr, 12, 182. 

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