R+ ions

Fluorite. CaF,. and rutile. TiO,. are minerals in CaFj, each Ca is surrounded by eight F ions, each F by tour C r ions, while in TiO, ihe corresponding co-ordination numbers are 6 and 3. Co-ordination number is generally referred to the cation. 

V Representative Examples of Glass Membrane r Ion-Selective Electrodes ... 

Dresselhaus, M. S. and Kalish, R., Ion Implantation in Diamond, Graphite and Related Materials, Springer Series in Materials Science, Vol. 22, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992. 

Gray, H. R., Ion and Laser Microprobes Applied to the Measurement of Corrosion-Produced Hydrogen on a Microscopic Scale , Corrosion, 28, 47 (1972)... 

As the hydrogen ions replace alkali (R) ions a surface film forms which has properties different from the massive glass. This film swells, acting as a barrier to further diffusion of ions into, and out of, the surface, inhibiting further attack. If this layer dries out, the thin film gives characteristic irridescent interference colours. 

If we were to place a piece of zinc metal into an aqueous copper(II) sulfate solution, we would see a layer of metallic copper begin to deposit on the surface of the zinc (see Fig. K.5). If we could watch the reaction at the atomic level, we would see that, as the reaction takes place, electrons are transferred from the Zn atoms to adjacent Cu2 r ions in the solution. These electrons reduce the Cu2+ ions to Cu atoms, which stick to the surface of the zinc or form a finely divided solid deposit in the beaker. The piece of zinc slowly disappears as its atoms give up electrons and form colorless Zn2+ ions that drift off into the solution. The Gibbs free energy of the system decreases as electrons are transferred and the reaction approaches equilibrium. However, although energy is released as heat, no electrical work is done. 

Aisenberg, S. and Chabot, R., Ion-beam Deposition of Thin Films of Diamond-like Carbon,"/. Appl. Phys.,Vo. 42,1971, pp. 2953-2958. 

Folonari, C. V. and Garlasco, R., Ion-paired HPLC characterization of cathodic electrodeposition paint polymers, /. Chromatogr. Sci., 19, 639, 1981. 

Klein, H. and Leubolt, R., Ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography in the brewing industry, /. Chromatogr., 640, 259, 1993. 

Jewell, D.M. Weber, J.H. Bunger, J.W. Plancher, H. Latham, D.R. Ion-Exchange, Coordination and Adsorption Chromatographic Separation of Heavy-End Petroleum Distillates, Anal. Chem. 1972, 44, 1391. 

Table 2 gives a summary of results70,71 which provide the solvent number r at which simple solvent loss and charge reduction become competitive. Charge reduction becomes dominant for solvent numbers lower than r. Ion clusters for... 

Alkyllithium react as though they contain alkanide (R ) ions (or alkyl carbanions), the conjugate base of alkanes. 

S. Varga, S. Patachia, R. Ion. The application of poly(vinyl alcohol) based hydrogels for the decontamination of porphyrins-containing medical waste waters. Endvedu-2007 International Conference, Brasov, Romania, Book of Abstracts Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov, 2007. In press. 

Yamamoto, S., Nakanishi, K. and Matsuno, R. Ion-Exchange Chromatography of Proteins (Marcel Dekker, 1988). Chapter 9 Large Scale Operation. 

Schnlten, H.-R. Ion Formation From Organic Solids Analytical Applications of Field Desorption Mass Spectrometry, Springer Series in Chemical Physics [25], Benninghoven, A., editor Springer-Verlag Heidelheig, 1983 pp. 14-29. 

Karas, M. KriigCT, R. Ion Formation in MALDI The Cluster Ionization Mechanism. Chem. Rev. 2003,103,427-439. 

Knox, J. B. Numerical modeling of the transport diffusion and deposition of pollutants for r ions and extended scales. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 24 660-664, 1974. 

Air quality control r ions (aqcr s), 128 Air quality prediction models, 195, 678-79 airshed photodiemical, 218 balance-equation, 205 box, 213-15, 219 classification of, 200-205 criteria for selecting, 219-20 deterministic, 203 dispersion, 205 explanation of, 1% for episode control, 202 for land-use planning, 201-2 for physiochemical transformations, 208-10... 

J. Henry, R. Ion spray mass spectrometric detection for liquid chromatography a concentration- or a mass-flow-sensitive device ... 

M which migrates among the Af+ ions of the lattice. A free hole, as a rule, denotes the presence of a neutral state R, which wanders through the lattice from one Er ion to the next R ion. 

FIGURE 5.9 Building up the structure a-Agl. (a) The hody-centered cubic array of r ions, (b) hcc array extended to next-nearest neighbours, (c)... 

Pitochelli, A. R. Ion Exchange Catalysis and Matrix Effects. Philadelphia, Rohm and Haas Co. 1975... 

Guzzo, P.R., Ion Exchange Procedures, Technical Reports, Vol. 1, No 5, Albany Molecular Research, Inc. (1997)... 

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