Quinine.hydrochloride

Quinine hydrochloride [Fig. 22(c)], an antimalarial agent, acts primarily as a schizonto-cide, affecting sporozoites or preerythrocytic forms of malarial parasites [43]. Figure 23(c) shows potential oscillation with ImM quinine hydrochloride [21]. Fb.sds became very... 

FIG. 22 Chemical structures of (a) dextromethorphan hydrobromide, (b) papaverine hydrochloride, (c) quinine hydrochloride, and (d) berberine chloride. 

Figure 27 shows potential oscillation in the presence of quinine hydrochloride and sucrose as a mixture [21]. The mean value of low potentials of the initial five pulses was taken as b,sds- In the presence of ImM quinine hydrochloride without sucrose, in contrast to oscillation without any substance in phase wl, iiB,sDS was more positive by 56 mV and E and a,sds> slightly more negative. This change was due only to quinine hydrochloride. With sucrose in addition to quinine hydrochloride, iiB,sDS shifted to more negative values. With 1 mM quinine hydrochloride and 500 mM sucrose, the oscillation mode was basically the same as with only 500 mM sucrose. 

The taste of aqueous quinine hydrochloride solution with and without sucrose was examined in four volunteers (males, aged 23 28). All considered 1 mM quinine hydrochloride quite bitter, ImM quinine hydrochloride and 100mM sucrose bitter-sweet, and 1 mM quinine hydrochloride and 500 mM sucrose sweet though bitter. Sucrose is thus shown to lessen the bitterness of quinine hydrochloride solution, as generally already known. Quinine hydrochloride and sucrose are bitter and sweet substances, respectively, and thus a sweet substance may alter oscillation, when a bitter substance is present, to that corresponding to a sweet substance. 

Example (+) Amphetamine Sulphate-a pri-amine salt, -Ephedrine Sulphate-a sec-amine salt, and Quinine Hydrochloride-a tert-amine salt. 

Colley, J.C., Edwards, J.A., Heywood, R., and Purser, D., Toxicity studies with quinine hydrochloride, Toxicology, 54, 219-226,1989. 

Potassium dioxalato-nitroso-pyridino-ruthenate yields with quinine hydrochloride twro isomeric quinine salts, a dextro- and a lsevo-modi-fication, which differ in solubility. The isomers are separated by fractional crystallisation. The dextro-salt is the less soluble, and crystallises in long needles with rotation of [a]n+252 in a solution of equal volumes of alcohol and chloroform. The ltevo-salt is more soluble, 1 Charoimat, Oonipt. rend., 1924, 178, 1423. 

Chlorocresol Antimicrobial preservative, disinfectant, (not oral) Calcium chloride, codeine phosphate, diamorphine hydrochloride, papaveretum, and quinine hydrochloride... 

Chlorine water, K4Fe(CN)6 and NH4OH—Red coloration. Quinine hydrochloride, on heating alone, assumes a violet colour, and gives off violet vapours. 

Cupric sulfate-quinine-pyridine A solution that is 0.4% in cupric sulfate, 0.04% in quinine hydrochloride, and 4% in pyridine in water is sprayed on the plate followed by a 0.5% aqueous potassium permanganate solution. A variety of colors (white, yellow, violet) are detected on the chromatogram. 

The comparison of heroin exhibits has also been used successfully in court in helping to establish a conspiracy. Comparative analyses were conducted on five exhibits from two different cases. The preliminary examination revealed that the excipients and diluents in each case were sucrose, quinine hydrochloride, mannitol, com starch, and lactose monohydrate. 

Quinine Hydrochloride occurs as odorless, white, silky, glistening needle-like crystals with a very bitter taste. It effloresces when exposed to warm air. Its solutions are neutral or alkaline to litmus. One gram dissolves in 16 mL of water, in... 

Taste Evaluation. The four hydrolysates produced in pilot plant were evaluated for bitter taste by the laboratory s taste panel. Tasting took place in the taste panel room which is equipped with separate booths, and the panel has been selected and trained specially for discrimination of bitterness. The panel was instructed to rank two samples and four bitter-tasting standards, containing 20, 40, 80, and 160 ppm quinine hydrochloride dissolved in non-bitter iso-electric soluble soy protein hydrolysate (5, 6). 20 ppm quinine hydrochloride in this solvent had in previous experiments been established as the panel s threshold value. The protein (N x 6.25) concentration in the samples and standards was 4.0% and pH was adjusted to 6.5 with 4 N NaOH or 6 N HC1. 

Structural analogy with alkaloid compounds. One of these compounds, named quinizolate (13), exhibits an intense bitter taste at an extraordinarily low detection threshold of0.00025 mmol/kg of water. This novel taste compound was found to have 2000- and 28-fold lower threshold concentrations than the standard bitter compounds caffeine and quinine hydrochloride, respectively, and, therefore, it is claimed to be one of the most intensely bitter compounds reported so far [46]. It is important to note that in sensory evaluation there is a difference between detection threshold and recognition threshold the first determines the concentration of a substance that makes one able to say this is not pure water the second means that the panelist is able to state this is bitter. Therefore these reported data on the taste of new compounds must to be taken carefully especially in comparison with others. 

Synonyms. Neutral Quinine Hydrochloride Quinine Acid Hydrochloride. C2oH24N202,2HC1 = 397.3 CAS—60-93-5 A white powder. 

Synonym. Basic Quinine Hydrochloride Proprietary Name. Kinin C2oH24N202,HC1,2H20 = 396.9 CAS—130-89-2 (anhydrous) 6119-47-7 (dihydrate)... 

Quinine hydrochloride, basic, 954 Quinine hydrochloride, neutral, 954 Quinine salicylate, 954 Quinine sulphate, 954 Quinine sulphate, basic, 954 Quinine sulphate, neutral, 954 Quininedihydrodiol, 955 Quinine-epoxide, 955 Quiniodochlor, 474 Quinisocaine, 551 Quinite, 954 Quinoctal, 954 Quinoderm, 673 Quinol, 669 (metabolite), 380, 885 Quinolinol, 672, 673 Quinolinol sulphate, 673 Quinolyl urea, 955 Quinomethionate, 85 Quinoped, 673 Quinophan, 470 Quinora, 953... 

SYNS ACID QUININE HYDROCHLORIDE CHIN-INDIHYDROCHLORID (GERMAN) 6 -METHOXY-CINCHONAN-9-OL DIHYDROCHLORIDE QUININE BIML RIATE (-)-QUININE DIHYDROCHLORIDE... 

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