Processor micro

A recent victim of the killer micros was Evans and Sutherland s parallel computer development effort, halted ia 1990. Their architecture combiaed a small number of approximately 1-MFLOPS processors iato semi-iadependent functional units. Several of these units could, ia turn, be combiaed to form a processor hierarchy, building up to systems that were expected to cost between 1 and 8 million dollars. With the advent of lO-MFLOPS uniprocessor killer micros, such an architecture became irrelevant and the project was halted. The RISC killer micro could deUver the same level of performance as could the combiaed efforts of 10 of the 1-MFLOPS processors, evea with the unlikely assumptioa that the problem could be perfectiy parallelized across 10 processors. 

PLC or micro-processor-based negative sequence relay (Courtesy Alstom)... 

C,B Q First diesel-electric streamliner run, 1984 GE First micro-processor controlled... 

Computational study on the micro-channel fuel processors... 

Since the mass-transfer coefficient at a micropipette is inversely proportional to its radius, the smaller the pipette the faster heterogeneous rate constants can be measured. Micrometer-sized pipettes are too large to probe rapid CT reactions at the ITIES. Such measurements require smaller (nm-sized) pipettes. Nanopipettes are also potentially useful as SECM tips (see Section IV.D) because they can greatly improve spatial resolution of that technique. The fabrication of nanopipettes was made possible by the use of a micro-processor-controlled laser pipette puller capable of puling quartz capillaries [26]. Using this technique, Wei et al. produced nanopipettes as small as 20 nm tip radius and employed them in amperometric experiments [9]. 

Potentiometric titrations are readily automated by using a motor-driven syringe or an automatic burette coupled to a chart recorder or digital printout system. This is described in more detail in Chapter 12. A micro-processor-controlled titrator is discussed in Chapter 13. 

For the chemical reactor, the researchers used a nanoparticle catalyst deposited on metallic micro-structured foils. They tested Cu/ZnO and Pd/ZnO catalysts deposited on the microstructured foils. The Cu/ZnO catalyst was more active than the Pd/ZnO catalyst and had a lower selectivity to undesired carbon monoxide. However, because the Pd/ZnO catalyst was more stable, it was selected for use in their fuel processor. The Pd/ZnO carbon monoxide selectivity of the powder catalyst pressed into a pellet was lower than that of the nanoparticle catalyst deposited on the microstructured foils. This effect was attributed to contact phases between the catalyst and the metal foils. ... 

With respect to fuel cells, Korea is working to build up highly competitive capabilities for manufacturing advanced fuel cell technology. The target for 2012 is to introduce stationary fuel cells (370 MW) into the market. In addition, 10,000 fuel cell vehicles are planned to be running on the road by 2012. Small fuel cells for replacing batteries, either DMFC or PEMFC with a micro fuel processor, are expected to be introduced into the market by private companies in 2006. 

Infrared spectra were recorded on the resist film spun onto a silicon wafer using a JASCO IR-810 spectrometer equipped with a JASCO BC-3 beam condenser or a JASCO A-3 spectrometer. In the measurements on the latter spectrometer an uncoated silicon wafer was placed in the reference beam in order to balance the silicon absorption band. The subtraction between the spectra was carried out on a built-in micro-processor attached to the IR-810 spectrometer, and the resulting difference spectrum was used to detect structural changes in the polymer molecule upon exposure. The subtraction technique was also used to balance the silicon absorption band. 

MICRO-PROCESSOR INTEGRATORS. The microprocessor based integrator may also operate one-on-one with a chromatograph but some may be extended to integrate as many as four chromatograms simultan-... 

FIGURE 17.6 Schematic of a Micro uidizf r materials processor. (Reprinted frdrmovation through Microfluidizef Processor Technology, MFIC Corporation, Newton, MA, 2005. With permission.)... 

Particle size reduction of a material suspended in a liquid medium can be affected by a Microi uidizeP processor (MicroLuidics Corp., Newton, MA, http //www.microLuidicscorp.com/ processors.html). A schematic of a MicroLuidizer processor is presented in Figure 17.6. In a Micro-Luidizer processor, a liquid stream is bifurcated and the two streams are directed upon each other under pressures as high as 40,000 psi. Particles suspended in the liquid are reduced in size by forces of shear and cavitation. Suspensions can be prepared with the MicroLuidizer processor with mean particle sizes in the micron to submicron range. 

Micro.uidics (2005) Innovation through Microfluidiz 1 Processor Technology, MFIC Corporation, Newton, MA. 

Kloker, 1986] Kloker, K. (1986). Motorola DSP56000 Digital Signal Processor. IEEE Micro, 6(6) 29-48. 

Papamichalis and Simar, 1988] Papamichalis, P. and Simar, R. (1988). The TMS320C30 Floating-Point-Digital Signal Processor. IEEE Micro, 8(6) 13-29. 

Simar et al., 1992] Simar, R., Koeppen, P., Leach, J., Marshall, S., Francis, D., Mekras, G., and Rosenstrauch, J. (1992). Floating-Point Processors Join Forces in Parallel Processing Architectures. IEEE Micro, 12(4) 60-69. 

Sohie and Kloker, 1988] Sohie, G. R. and Kloker, K. L. (1988). A Digital Signal Processor with IEEE Floating-Point Arithmetic. IEEE Micro, 8(6) 49-67. 

Semiconductor A generic term for a device that controls electrical signals. It specifically refers to a material (such as silicon, germanium or gallium arsenide) that can be altered either to conduct electrical current or to block its passage. Carbon nanotubes may eventually be used as semiconductors. Semiconductors are partly responsible for the miniaturization of modem electronic devices, as they are vital components in computer memory and processor chips. The manufacture of semiconductors is carried out by small firms, and by industry giants such as Intel and Advanced Micro Devices. 

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