Processed potatoes tests

The texture of the processed potato can also be measured by shearing using a single blade, 1 mm thick, attached to the crosshead of the Instron Testing Machine. The processed whole potato with its skin intact is placed on the steel platform of the Instron and sheared longitudinally to a depth of 25 mm at a cross-head speed of 50 mm/min. Maximum shear force (kN) is calculated from the plot of force against displacement. 

The phenotype of a potato plant is very plastic (environmentally variable) with regard to many traits of interest for potato breeders. The effect of production environment on traits such as yield, tuber number, tuber size, specific gravity, and processing quality presents a challenge that is difficult to overcome. It requires the testing of clones in multiple years and locations. For example, quantitative trait loci have been detected for tuber starch content, but few were stable across environments (Schafer-Pregl et al., 1998). Similarly, environment has a laige impact on... 

Canet, W., Espinosa, J. (1984). The effect of blanching and freezing rate on the texture of potatoes, carrots and peas, measured by mechanical tests. In P. Zeuthen, J. C. Cheftel, C. Eriksson, M. Jul, H. Leniger, P. Linko, G. Varela (Eds.), Thermal Processing and Quality of Foods (pp. 678-683). Elsevier Applied Science, London. 

Very few reports have been published on the use of X-rays for modification of starch, although the formation of deoxy compounds on irradiation of solid potato starch with 5 X 106 rads under nitrogen has been described. The amount of deoxy compounds formed is related almost linearly to the irradiation dose, and formation of 2-deoxy-D-arabi no-hexose is the major process there are almost no side-pro-cesses. Similar qualitative, but not quantitative, behavior is shown by 1% aqueous solutions of D-glucose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, D-ribose, sucrose, and cellulose powder (Fig. 14). Starch is the most resistant to irradiation among carbohydrates tested.74... 

Other plants such as potatoes, cauliflower, cherries, and soybeans and several fungi may also be used as sources of peroxidase enzymes. Soybeans, in particular, may represent a valuable source of peroxidase because the enzyme is found in the seed coat, which is a waste product from soybean-based industries [90]. In this case, it may be possible to use the solid waste from the soybean industry to treat the wastewaters of various chemical industries. In fact, the direct use of raw soybean hulls to accomplish the removal of phenol and 2-chlorophenol has been demonstrated [105]. However, it should be noted that this type of approach would result in an increase in the amount of solid residues that must be disposed following treatment. Peroxidases extracted from tomato and water hyacinth plants were also used to polymerize phenolic substrates [106], Actual plant roots were also used for in vivo experiments of pollutant removal. The peroxidases studied accomplished good removal of the test substrate guaiacol and the plant roots precipitated the phenolic pollutants at the roots surface. It was suggested that plant roots be used as natural immobilized enzyme systems to remove phenolic compounds from aquatic systems and soils. The direct use of plant material as an enzyme source represents a very interesting alternative to the use of purified enzymes due to its potentially lower cost. However, further studies are needed to confirm the feasibility of such a process. 

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