Printing process

See High PRESSURE BECHNOLOGY Tanks and pressure vessels. 

Image duplication and output. Image distribution. Environmental aspects. Economic aspects. 

The role of chemical technology in printing is also changing. Whereas a need exists for hard copy, whether for visual, legal, or historical reasons, the hard copy must meet new standards of performance, including visual and environmental. Many traditional printing processes have become unacceptable in the workplace, and are being replaced by processes that are water-based, dry, desktop, or in some other ways more convenient. 

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (4th Edition) 

Both the camera and the media play a role. The photographer chooses a film and camera, adjusting the camera variables to achieve particular effects and meet the requirements of the project. 

Extruded glass rod Fig. 7.11. Principle of continuous pull extrusion of glasses 

Besides lithographic methods, printing processes are very often used to produce arrays [342], These processes can be used to deposit polymer coatings, but can also be used to print a range of glasses using sol-gel processes or 

In microspotting a pin containing a capillary, which is loaded with a small amount of the printing medium, is used to transfer it to a solid surface to which the printing medium is stuck by a physical contact. Using computer-controlled x—y stages, this technique also allows us to create structures and pattern on surfaces. 

Screen printing uses a patterned partially blocked sieve. The blocked part is the negative of the pattern to be printed. A paste of the printing medium placed into the sieve is pressed through the sieve openings using a rubber tool (blade). Through the permeable part of the sieve, the paste is deposited onto the substrate. The principle can be used to print onto planar substrates. 

Stamp printing utilises a soft stamp which is coated, for instance by screen printing, and the pattern is eventually transferred onto a substrate by physical contact. This technique is particularly useful for the patterning not planar substrates, such as ceramic dishes. 

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Figure C2.4.12. Principle of the microcontact printing process. Chemically patterned organic films witli differently fimctionalized regions can be prepared by a combination of pCP and subsequent immersion.

COPPERALLOYS-WROUGHTCOPPERANDWROUGHTCOPPERALLOYS] (Vol7) -role in printing processes [PRINTING PROCESSES] (Vol 20)... 

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