Printable materials

Polyaniline Nanotube Composites A High-resolution Printable Conductor 

The polyaniline was prepared by emulsion polymerization following the procedure outlined in US patent 5,863,465 with DNNSAused as a dopant [22]. Carbon Nanotubes (CNI) manufactured the nanotubes used in the work either by a high-pressure fabrication method (Hipco SWNT) or via laser ablation (Laser SWNT). We found that excellent dispersions of the nanotubes in PANI could be produced by two different procedures. The nanotubes could either be directly sonicated into the PANI solution or first sonicated into xylene and that dispersion afterwards sonicated into the DNNSA-PANI solution. 

7 also shows that the percolative behavior of nanotubes composites in a conducting (PANI) and a nonconducting (ethylcellulose) matrix is also dramatically 

In contrast, the 3% nanotube/DNNSA-PANI composite shown in the figure had both sufficient conductivity and resolution. As one would expect, a decrease in conductivity of all materials is eventually observed at sufficiently high fluence. Whereas DBSA materials have a roll off from even the initial incident energies, the PANI/SWNT composite exhibits instead an increase in conductivity until ap- 

Clear quantitative descriptions of the transport in poorly defined material systems such as acid-doped PANI or mats and ropes of nanotubes are difficult to develop. Even more problematic is the description of a composite of the two. Nevertheless we do believe that there are some conclusions that can be drawn from consideration of the data. A large amount of work has gone into understanding the transport in heterogeneous systems such as conducting polymers and nanotube mats [25, 27-31]. However, that work has focused on understanding each separately rather than as a combined composite material. Interestingly, when com- 

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The first half of this chapter focuses on thermal imaging, describing the technique and the strenuous requirements of suitable laser-printable materials. We illustrate the latter with polyaniline composites specifically tailored for high-resolution printing over large areas with moderate throughput. Their use in active matrix backplane circuits for large, mechanically flexible sheets of electronic paper is then described. 

As discussed above, the driver for many printed electronics applications is the printed transistor. The printed transistor is essentially a thin film transistor fabricated using printable materials. In other words, in its ultimate implementation, all three major material components of the printed transistor, i.e., the conductive electrodes, the insulating gate dielectric, and the semiconducting channel material, are printed. 

Printable Materials and Technologies for Dye-Sensitized Photovoltaic Cells with Flexible Substrates... 

Polymer-Based Counter Electrodes with Printable Materials... 

Polymer-Basecl Counter Electrodes ivith Printable Materials 1191... 

D printer Print volume (cm ) Printable materials Heated bed Print speed (mm/s) Print resolution (pm) Nozzle size (mm) Layer thickness (pm) References... 

Thin-film supercapacitors were fabricated using printable materials to make flexible devices on plastic. The active electrodes were made from sprayed networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) serving as both electrodes and current collectors, a printable aqueous gel electrolyte and an organic liquid electrolyte. 

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