Primary derivatives

Acetaldehyde. Until the early 1970s, the maia use of iadustrial ethanol was for the production of acetaldehyde [75-07-0]. By 1977, the ethanol route to acetaldehyde had largely been phased out ia the United States as ethylene and ethane became the preferred feedstocks for acetaldehyde production (286—304). Acetaldehyde usage itself has also changed two primary derivatives of acetaldehyde, acetic acid, and butanol, are now produced from feedstocks other than acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde is stiU produced from ethanol ia India. 

LiBr, 18-crown-6. Selectivity for primary derivatives was achieved. 

AI2O3, H2O, hexanes, 81-98% yield. These conditions are selective for the primary derivative. TBDPS and TMS ethers are also cleaved. The use of alumina in a microwave oven is also effective (68-93% yield). ... 

Tc2(CO)io] and primary derivatives, such as [TcX(CO)s or [Tc(NCCH3)3 (CO)3]+, are thus the most important starting materials for the development of classical organotechnetium chemistry. A number of reactions have been discussed... 

It is interesting to note that 380 separate chemical substances that make up the primary derivatives of petroleum represent 55.4% of all chemicals with production weight greater than one million pounds per year (Table VI). 

The major substances with production volumes in millions of pounds per year for organics, inorganics, polymers and plastics and primary derivatives of petroleum are noted in Tables VII, VIII, IX and X. 

EC 2.7.7 group). Secondary glycosyl nucleotides are formed from the primary derivatives through enzymic reactions leading to modification of their monosaccharide fragments these conversions are discussed in Section III. 

Among nucleoside glycosyl monophosphates, the primary derivatives include cytidine (N-acetyl neuraminic monophosphate) (CMP-NeuAc),51 in which the n-glycero-fi-n-galacto configuration of the monosaccharide group has been confirmed,52 and the analogous derivative of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid.53,54... 

Hydroboration of 3-methylbut-l-ene (15) gives 94% of the primary (16) and 6% of the secondary (17) organoborane, whereas with the 2-methylbut-l-ene (18) essentially only the primary derivative (19) is formed. Hydroboration of 2-methyl-... 

In polyatomic molecules several electronic factors contribute to the isotope effect on /. The primary isotope effect involves largely the primary derivative of the coupling constant, the secondary isotope effect on the coupling involves largely the secondary derivative of the coupling constant with respect to the stretching of a remote bond. 

Notice that we said simple alkyl groups of course, primary allylic, benzylic, and RO or R2N substituted primary derivatives may react by Sr II... 

These are compounds obtained by chemical or enzymatic methods and are divided into primary and secondary derivatives, depending on the extent of change that has taken place. Primary derivatives are slightly modified and are insoluble in water rennet-coagulated casein is an example of a primary derivative. Secondary derivatives are more extensively changed and include proteoses, peptones, and peptides. The difference between these breakdown products is in size and solubility. All are soluble in water and... 

Here categories A-E refer to direct goal satisfaction, fl-f4 refer to primary derived requirements for fulfilling the needs, and finally, f5-f7 refer to indirect requirements for carrying out the various manipulations stipulated. The individual energy requirement estimates are discussed in detail in Sorensen (2004a). A summary of the scenario for demand at the end-user is given in Fig. 5.7. 

Precipitated Meta-proteins.—Mineral acids, nitric, hydrochloric, sulphuric and strong organic acids, like acetic acid, precipitate albumins as insoluble primary derived proteins, meta-proteins. 

These are proteins derived by partial to complete hydrolysis from the simple or conjugated proteins by the action of acids, alkalies or enzymes. They include two types of derivatives, primary-derived proteins and secondary-derived proteins. 

CeCl3 7H20, Nal, CH3CN, rt or reflux, 87-99% yield. Secondary derivatives are cleaved at reflux, whereas primary derivatives are cleaved at rt. The TBDPS and TIPS ethers are cleaved more slowly. ... 

ZnBr2, CH2CI2, 89-94% yield. These conditions selectively cleave the BOC group from secondary amines in the presence of the primary derivatives. ... 

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