Preventive measures, determination eliminate hazard

There is no getting around these system laws they will happen, and they will shape the hazard risk presented by a system design. System safety must evaluate the potential impact of each of these system laws and determine if hazards will result, and if so, how the hazards can be eliminated or controlled to prevent mishaps. In other words, these system laws are hazard-shaping factors that must be dealt with during product/process/system design in order to develop a safe system. Since hazards are unique for each system design, safety compliance measures do not provide adequate safety coverage system hazard analysis is thus necessary. 

As a part of an effective Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) program, a Job Safety Analysis (JSA) has proved to be an effective accident and occupational illness prevention tool in many industries. The JSA, also known as a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), is a safety management tool in which the risks or hazards of a specific job in the workplace are identified and measures to eliminate or control those hazards are determined and implemented. Most safety programs are considered reactive, an action in response to an incident. A JSA is considered a proactive approach to workplace safety. A JSA is a process of systematically evaluating certain jobs, identifying the hazards or potential hazard associated with each step of the job, and finding effective control measures to eliminate or reduce the risk of hazards and make the workplace as safe as possible, before those hazards have a chance to become accidents. 

The JSA is used to determine physical, procedural, and/or environmental hazards that do or could exist. JSAs also identify actions of personnel that could result in accidents or injuries and preventive measures that would eliminate or control hazards so a job can be performed safely. 

The level of a measure necessary to ensure that a hazard is fully controlled is determined and called the critical limit. For example, how high the temperature must be to ensure that a pathogen has been eliminated, or how low the humidity must be to prevent the growth of mould fungi. Principle 4 Establish a system to monitor control of the CCP(s). 

Accidents and incidents are investi ted so that measures can be taken to prevent a recurrence of similar events. Investigation represents an after-the-fact response as far as any particular mishap is concerned. However, a thorough investigation may uncover hazards or problems which can be eliminated before-the-fact for the future. After causes have been determined, prompt follow-up action is required to achieve the purpose of the investigation. 

Once hazards are identified, the key is to determine how the hazards can be eliminated, mitigated, or isolated. A safety and health management program will prescribe hazard prevention and control measures, adopting the following strategies ... 

Hazard prevention and controls are triggered by a determination that a hazard or potential hazard exists. Where feasible, hazards are prevented by effective design of the jobsite or job. Where it is not feasible to eliminate them, they are controlled to prevent unsafe and unhealthful exposure. Elimination of controls is to be accomplished in a timely manner, once a hazard or potential hazard is recognized. To ensure that all current and potential hazards, however detected, are corrected or controlled in a timely manner, procedures should be established using the following measures ... 

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