Potassium perfluorooctanoate

Shinoda and Katsura [126] calculated the entropy of micellization from the temperature dependence of cmc for potassium perfluorooctanoate under the con-... 

KPFO, potassium perfluorooctanoate (131) KDS, potassium decyl suifate. 

At equal chain length, the critical micelle concentrations of perfluorinated surfactants are lower than those of their hydrocarbon analogs [1,75,142,161]. Potassium perfluorooctanoate has a 13-fold lower cmc than potassium octanoate. The difference between cmc values decreases with decreasing chain length and is only threefold for the, albeit poorly documented, hexanoates. 

Fig. 6.21 The effect of counterion concentration and temperature on cmc in aqueous solutions of potassium perfluorooctanoate. (From Ref. 127. Reproduced by permission of the American Chemical Society.)...

Table 6.15 Partition Coefficients P (Expressed as Mole Fractions) and Micelliza-tion Constants Km for n-Alkanols in Sodium or Potassium Perfluorooctanoate Solutions at 25.0°C...

Foam fire extinguishers containing potassium perfluorooctanoate, calcium chloride, and aluminum lactate are claimed to be powerful fire-extinguishing agents for hydrocarbon and polar organic solvents [152],... 

SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate HDTC1 hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride HDTBr hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide Brij 35 polyoxyethylene (23) lauryl ether DTAC dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride TTAC1 tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride HDPB hexadecylpyridinium bromide KDC potassium decanoate SPFO sodium perfluorooctanoate KTC potassium tetradecanoate... 

Experiments using no emulsifier were conducted in tbe same stainless steel autoclave equipment described above (Machi et nf.. 1975). Stable latices were obtained, believed to be achieved by hydroxyl end groups and adsorbed hydroxyl ions. As with a number of the experiments with emulsifiers the polyethylene had a considerable cross-linked gel content. Finally, the same group of workers studied tbe radiation-induced emulsion polymerization of ethylene in a flow system (Kodama et al, 1974). Both potassium inyristate and ammonium perfluorooctanoate were used as emulsifiers. At longer residence times (above 0.2 hr) the rate of polymerization was essentially constant. As with the batch system it was assumed that the number of particles remained constant. In this region the rate was found to be proportional to tbe 0.3 power of the potassium myristate concentration and the 0.5 power of the dose rate, not too different from the batch systems. The kinetics was developed and estimates of tbe propagation rate constants obtained. Despite other similarities between the two systems, these were quite different, however, from those extracted from the batch experiment. 

Fluorad FC-26. See Perfluorooctanoic acid Fluorad FC-99. See Tetraethylammonium perfluorooctyl sulfonate Fluorad FC-118. See Ammonium perf I uorooctanoate Fluorad FC-129. See Potassium perf I uorooctoate... 

Formulation example " water, CTFE, potassium persulfate, sodium bisulfate, perfluorooctanoic acid Ebnesajjad, S, Fluoroplastics. Vol. 1. Non-melt Processible Fluoroplastics, William Andrew, 2000. 

Perfluorinated compounds have special physico-chemical properties, which make them valuable for use in various industries. They are chemically inert, highly thermally stable and reduce surface tension. They repel both water and oil, so they are both hydrophobic and oleophobic substances. Table 12.54 summarises some physico-chemical properties of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) potassium salt and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). 

Octanoic acid, monoester with 1,2-propanediol. See Propylene glycol caprylate Octanoic acid, monoester wKh 1,2,3-propanetriol. See Glyceryl caprylate Octanoic acid, pentadecafluoro-. See Perfluorooctanoic acid Octanoic acid, potassium saH. See Potassium caprylate Octanoic acid, 1,3-propanediyl ester. See Propylene glycol dioctanoate Octanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriol ester Octanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester. See Trioctanoin... 

The pseudophase model (see Section 6.2) for micellar solutions makes it possible to establish a partitioning coefficient for the partitioning of the solubilizate between the aqueous solution and the micellar pseudophase. Treiner et al. [206-208] studied partitioning of alcohols and phenol in an aqueous solution of a fluorinated surfactant or of mixed anionic hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon surfactants. The fluorinated surfactants used in their studies were potassium or sodium perfluorooctanoate and lithium perfluorooctanesulfonate. 

---