Potassium iodide for

Polyethylene glycol (molecular weight, 300-6(W) can aid in the displacement of activated halogen by fluorine. Propionyl chloride is converted to propionyl fluoride with potassium fluoride and polyethylene glycol in acetonitrile [63] Treatment of benzyl chloride with a mixture of potassium fluoride and potassium iodide for 5 h in acetonitrile containing polyethylene glycol 200 gives benzyl fluoride in 62% yield [64],... 

Papier-fabrik, /. paper factory, paper mill, -fabrikant, m. paper maker, -fabrikation, /. paper making, -farbe, /. paper color, -filter, n. paper filter, -flftche, /. paper sur-faee, surfaee of the paper, -gam, n. paper yarn, paper twine, -handel, m. paper trade stationery, -handlung, /. stationer s shop, -holz, n. pulpwood. -jod, n. a solution of iodine and potassium iodide for test paper, papierkaschiert, a. paper-covered, paper-baeked (as metal foil). 

The trichloroethylene/ozone mixture forms an explosive ozonide, which can be destroyed when it is in contact with an aqueous solution containing 5% of potassium iodide for twenty four hours. 

In many cases such as at water-mercury interfeices electrolytes are positively adsorbed. The application of the kinetic theory to surface films of molecules leads, as we have seen, to a ready interpretation of the lowering of the surface tension by capillary active nonelectrolytes. For electrolytes an additional fiictor has to be considered, namely the mutual interaction of the electrically charged ions adsorbed. As we shall have occasion to note the distribution of the adsorbed ions, both positive and negative, at an interface such as water-mercury is not readily determined, but it is clear from a consideration of the data of Gouy that mutual ionic electrical repulsion in the interface is an important factor. In the case of potassium iodide, for example, for very small values of F the Traube relationship... 

Sicherer SH. Risk of severe allergic reactions from the use of potassium iodide for radiation emergencies. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004 114(6) 1395-7. 

Buchanan, Dekker and Long used periodate oxidation, followed either by Schiff s reagent (for cis-diols) or potassium iodide (for triols). The test is general for non-reducing carbohydrates having the necessary configuration of hydroxyls. Lead tetraacetate oxidation requires no further reagent to reveal the spot.66... 

Potassium hydrogen fluoride, 1 140 Potassium iodide, for use as a primary standard, 1 163 Potassium metaperiodate, 1 171 Potassium molybdoeyanide dihydrate, 3 160... 

Tn a previous symposium volume on this topic (7), we suggested that - the viscosity B coefficient for the solution of a salt in a mixed solvent could indicate preferential solvation of the ions by one solvent component over the other. This suggestion was supported by some measurements that were interpreted qualitatively as showing preference of potassium iodide for water over methanol, for example. As a start toward more systematic study of the effect, this chapter reports the measurement of the viscosities of dilute solutions of several salts in a single solvent pair, water-methanol. We also report a small step toward a quantitative interpretation. 

The approved variations [14] in the Karl Fischer method include volumetric titration methods to either a visual (excess iodine or addition of an indicator) or volta-metric endpoint detection method. The visual or voltametric endpoint methods usually require 30-40 mg of sample for analysis for freeze-dried biological products containing from 1.0% to 3.0% residual moisture. Coulometric Karl Fischer instruments generate the iodine from potassium iodide for water titration at the electrodes. Only 10-20 mg of freeze-dried sample is required for accurate analysis. 

The other commonly used method in kinetic work is to measure the pressure rise during decomposition. Bircumshaw and Newman studied the decomposition of ammonium perchlorate using a McLeod gauge as the measuring device. They also studied the decomposition in a stream of nitrogen, analysing the products chemically by adsorption of CI2 in potassium iodide. For measurements in a stream of inert gas, a katharometer could be used as a detection device. Other methods of pressure measurement are also applicable, especially where a rapid reaction demands that a record be obtained. 

Stone and Shechter have developed high-yield procedures for the preparation of alkyl iodides from alcohols, ethers, and olefins by reaction with a reagent described as 95% orthophosphoric acid in combination with potassium iodide. For the conversion of 1,6-hexanediol into 1,6-diiodohexane, a mixture of 65 g. of P2O5 and 231 g. (135 ml.) of 85% phosphoric acid is stirred mechanically and let cool to room temperature, potassium iodide and 1,6-hexanediol are added, and the mixture is stirred and heated as indicated. The initially homogeneous solution separates into... 

The simplest test for mercerized cotton is microscopic examination, when the degree of mercerization can be assessed approximately by counting the, number of twisted and untwisted fibres. If the sample under investigation be immersed in a solution of 20 g of iodine in 100 ml of saturated potassium iodide for 3 seconds and then washed off well, mercerized cotton will be stained bluish black and unmercerized will be white. 

Rydon, Norman (p. 243, Plate 36) born in 1912 studied chemistry at London (B.Sc. 1931, Ph.D. 1933, D.Sc. 1938), D. Phil., Oxford 1939. Chemical Defence Experimental Section, 1940-1945. From 1945-1947 Member of Scientific Staff of the Lister Institute, then Reader at Birkbeck College, London, until 1949 and from 1949-1952 Reader at Imperial College, London. Professor at Manchester College of Science and Technology 1952-1957, Professor and Head of Department, Exeter University 1957-1977. Rydon s work outside of peptide research was on natural substances peptide topics at Exeter included cysteine peptides, sequential polypeptides, synthetic studies of ferredoxins. Chlorination followed by starchh-potassium iodide for the detection of peptides is known as Rydon-Smith reagent. 

Many 5 2 reactions of alkyl chlorides and alkyl bromides are catalyzed by the addition of sodium or potassium iodide. For example, the hydrolysis of methyl bromide takes place much fester in the presence of sodium iodide. Explain. 

The thallium group can be replaced by a wide range of substituents under mild conditions (Fig. 3.16). There is no need to isolate the arylthallium intermediate. Potassium iodide, for example, reacts with ArTl(OCOCF3)2 to give Arl and Til (insoluble), presumably via unstable ArTlI. ... 

O-Alkylation. The most thoroughly investigated alkylation using 1 is with oxygen nucleophiles. Only a limited number of successful O-alkylations exist and are currently limited to sodium acetate, a potassium carboxylate (15), and substituted phenols. The conditions used in all cases employ polar aprotic solvents (e.g., DMF, DMSO) and elevated temperatures, and use either 2 directly (eq 8) or sodium iodide or potassium iodide for in situ conversion of 1 to 2 (eq 9). 

The federal government has purchased stockpiles of potassium iodide for HO all states with nuclear reactors. Potassium iodide, also available over the counter, works best if taken 3—4 hours after exposure. Because of the increased threat of terrorist attacks after 9/11, potassium iodide pills have been distributed to residents, schools, and businesses within a 10-mile radius of a nuclear reactor. In the event of a terrorist attack on a nuclear reactor, residents are advised to take the potassium iodide pill and evacuate the area as soon as possible. 

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