Poplar leaves

Figure 14.1 (Left) X-ray structure of plastocyanin from poplar leaves as a ribbon diagram with the metal ion and its ligands highlighted, PDB code 1PLC (right) Type 1 Cu site in Cu(II)-nitrite reductase from Alcaligenes faecalis, PDB code 1AS6. (From Messerschmidt et al., 2001. Reproduced with permission from John Wiley Sons., Inc.)...

Biomass, the most useful form of which is wood, may be burned directly, gasified or liquefied, with energy efficiency decreasing in that order (Table XI). In addition, there are nonenergy uses, for example, for pulp, or in the case of juvenile poplar leaves, potentially for cattle fodder. Clearly also, there are alternative agricultural uses for the land used for energy plantations. 

Fig. 6.1. Transport of gases and particles to and from flat plates and leaves by Brownian diffusion , l3lI vapour, flat plate (Chamberlain, 1953) O, 212Pb vapour, bean leaves (Chamberlain, 1974) , water vapour, bean leaves (Grace Wilson, 1976) +, x, 0.17-jum particles to pine, oak leaves (Belot, 1975) A, V, , 0.03- m particles to nettle, beech, white poplar leaves (Little Wiffen, 1977) line A, theory, laminar flow,...

Plastocyanin is from poplar leaves. The data are from Guss and Freeman (95). 

FIGURE 14.2 (a) X-ray structure of poplar plastocyanin from poplar leaves, as a ribbon diagram with its ligands highlighted. PDB code IPLC. 

Sabbat anointing oil Wild Parsley root. Celery root. Poplar leaves (Balm of Gilead), Cinquefoil, Saffron. Herbs are cut when moon is waxing, steeped and crushed in pure vegetable oil during waxing moon. 

DAVIS, J.M., GORDON, M.P., SMIT, B.A., Assimilate movement dictates remote sites of wound-induced gene expression in poplar leaves, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 1991,88, 2393-2396. 

In his earlier experiments Szent-Gyorgyi (1928) found that ascorbic acid (AA) was rapidly oxidized on the addition of hydrogen peroxide but that, on standing, the ascorbic acid was regenerated. This latter observation could not be repeated if the juice was boiled. Since that date evidence has accumulated that AA and DHA are interconvertible in plant tissues. In some fruits, notably apples, the proportion of DHA to that of AA is high in the early stages of development but decreases as the fruit approaches maturity (Zilva et al., 1938). The direct formation of ascorbic acid from DHA was demonstrated in cabbage (Rubin et al., 1937) and in poplar leaves (Mapson and Barker, 1948) after DHA had been injected or fed to these tissues. 

Rainfalls were always 20 min in duration daily except for sunflower and pinto bean (3 min in duration). For spiderwort, two rainfalls were given daily except the first and last day. For sunflower and pinto beans, one rainfall was given every 3 days, /ihese values include galls and lesions. Histological preparations of galls on poplar leaves suggest that a photosynthetic-ally active mesophyll remains intact. 

Fig. 2. The influence of 10 mM GA on photosynthesis (1) and isoprene effect (2) of protoplast of poplar leaves...

THE ENHANCEMENT EFFECT OF ISOPRENE EVOLUTION BY POPLAR LEAVES... 

In the case of the positive answer it was intended to quantitatively compare photosynthesis enhancement effect by COg assimilation and O2 evolution with enhancement effects of isoprene evolution in poplar leaves. All the measurements were made with poplar leaves, (Populus deltoides Marsh), cultuvated in natural conditions. 

The Enhancement Effect of Isoprene Evolution by Poplar Leaves 239... 

Barbehenn RV, Dukatz C, Holt C, Reese A, Martiskainen O, Salminen J-P, Yip L, Tran L, Constabel CP (2010) Feeding on poplar leaves by caterpillars potentiates foliar peroxidase action in their guts and increases plant resistance. Oecologia 164 993-1004 Purrington CB (2000) Cost of resistance. Curr Opin Plant Biol 3 305-308 Brown JKM (2002) Yield penalties of disease resistance in crops. Curr Opin Plant Biol 5 339-344... 

Figure 5.6 (a) The total emission of monoterpenes from mature (bars) and young Poplar leaves (filled circles) determined from PTR-MS measurements, (b) The percentage of the two principal monoterpenes, (E)-(i-ocimene and llnalool (determined using CC-MS) emitted for day 0 (no insect attack) and for days 1, 4 and 7 after beetle attack. In (c), the rates ofisoprene emission and photosynthesis and the stomatal conductance are provided for mature leaves. Reproduced with permission from [256]. Copyright 2009, Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 

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