Ponderosae

Table 5. Typical Softwood Kiln-Drying Time Schedules for 2.5-cm Ponderosa Common Pine...

In 1774, Scheele deterrnined that barium oxide was a distinct oxide or "earth," and named it terra ponderosa because of its high density (1). Later, this name was changed to barote from the Greek word meaning heavy. Later stUl, the name of the oxide was modified to baryta to conform to the nomenclature recommended by Lavoisier, and from this the name barium was derived... 

Fig. 8-3. Relationship between Los Angeles Basin s urban sources of photochemical smog and the San Bernardino Mountains, where ozone damage has occurred to the ponderosa pines. The solid lines are the average daily 1-hr maximum dose of ozone (ppm), )uly-September 1975-1977. Source Adapted from Davidson, A., Ozone trends in the south coast air basin of California, in "Ozone/Oxidants Interaction with the Total Environment.". A ir Pollution Control Association, Pittsburgh, 1979, pp. 433-450.

The influence of moisture is fundamental, as it is with other forms of corrosion. Long-term contact tests with ponderosa pine, some treated with zinc chloride, in atmospheres at 30, 65 and 95% r.h. showed that at 30 and 65% r.h. plain wire nails were not very severely corroded even in zinc chloride-impregnated wood. At 95% r.h. plain wire nails were severely corroded, though galvanised nails were attacked only by impregnated wood. Brass and aluminium were also attacked to some extent at 95% r.h. Some concurrent outdoor tests at Madison, Wisconsin, showed that the outdoor climate there was somewhat more severe than a 65% r.h. laboratory test. 

Axelton, E. A. 1967. Ponderosa pine bibliography through 1965. U. S. Forest Service Res. Paper lNT-40. 

C. P. P. Reid. Assimilation, distribution and root exudation of C by ponderosa pine. seedlings under induced water stress. Plant Phy.siol. 54 44 (1974). 

J. M. Norton and M. K. Firestone, Metabolic status of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere of Ponderosa pine seedlings. Soil Biol. Biochem. 22 449 (1991). 

Glasshouse Elevated CO2 N level Loblolly pine. Ponderosa pine (Pinus pon- 86... 

K. L. Griffin, M. A. Bashkin, R. B. Thomas, and B. R. Strain, Interactive effects of soil nitrogen and atmospheric carbon dioxide on root/rhizo.sphere carbon dioxide efflux from loblolly and ponderosa pine seedlings. Plant Soil 790 11 (1997). 

Evidence for de novo synthesis of pheromone components was obtained by showing that labeled acetate and mevalonate were incorporated into ipsdienol by male Ips pini [103,104]. Similarly, labeled acetate and other labeled intermediates were shown to be incorporated into frontalin in a number of Dendroctonus species [105]. Possible precursors to frontalin include 6-methyl-6-hep-ten-2-one, which was incorporated into frontalin by D. ruffipennis [106]. The precursor 6-methyl-6-hepten-2-one also was shown to be converted to bre-vicomin in the bark beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae [107]. In addition, the expression patterns of HMG-CoA reductase and HMG-CoA synthase are tightly correlated with frontalin production in Dendroctonus jeffreyi [108, 109]. A geranyl diphosphate synthase cDNA from I. pini was also isolated, functionally expressed, and modeled [110]. These data indicate that the de novo isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway is present in bark beetles. A variety of other monoterpene alcohols such as myrcenol, pityol, and sulcitol are probably synthesized through similar pathways [111]... 

Lodhi, M.A.K. and Killingbeck, K.T. (1980). Allelopathic inhibition of nitrification and nitrifying bacteria in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dough) community. American Journal of Botany 67 1423-1429. 

Browne, F.L. Brenden, J.J. Heat of Combustion of the Volatile Pyrolysis Products of Fire-retardant-treated Ponderosa Pine. Res. Pap. FPL 19. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory Madison, WI, 1964. 

Goldstein etal. (1961) exposed acetylated ponderosa pine for 12 weeks to six basidio-mycete fungi, according to ASTM D1413-56T, with a WPG of 18 % reported to be sufficient to provide decay resistance. Peterson and Thomas (1978) acetylated loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), green ash (Fraxinus americana) and yellow poplar Liriodendron tulipfera), also... 

Gloeophyllum trabeum (Lenzites trabea) (Mad 61 7) Ponderosa pine 17 35 Goldstein eta/. (1961)... 

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