Polyurethane-urea grafting

Archambault JG, Brash JL. Protein repellent polyurethane-urea surfaces by chemical grafting of hydroxyl-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) effects of protein size and charge. Colloids SutfB Biointerfaces 2004 33 111-20. http //dx.doi.Org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2003.09.004. Desai NP, Hubbell JA. Solution technique to incorporate polyethylene oxide and other water-soluble polymers into surfaces of polymeric biomaterials. Biomaterials 1991 12 144-53. 

Alkyd and polyester resins, epoxy compounds, phenol-formaldehyde resin, urea and/or melamine-aldehyde resin, cyclic urea resin, carbamide acid ester formaldehyde resin, ketone formaldehyde resin, polyurethane, polyvinylester, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride and polymer mixtures, polyethylene, polystryrene, styrene mixtures and graft copolymers, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyvinyl ether, polyacrylic and methacrylic acid esters, polyvinyl flouride, polyvinylidene chloride copolymers, UV and/or electron irradiated lacquers. 

Starch polyurethane foams could be converted into sorbents for water when starch-acrylonitrile or starch-methacrylonitrile graft copolymers were crosslinked with diisocyanates.2655 2656 Such polyurethanes have been proposed as occlusive wound dressings,2657 as well as sizes for cotton yams.2658 Starch polyurethanes for reinforced paper were produced in reaction of iV-chlorocarbamoylethyl starch with cresol or thiolignin.2659 The addition of mineral salts to polyurethanes prepared from starch and urea improved their performance as adhesives.570... 

Catalysts. To make the final polyurethane, common catalysts are tertiary amines and organotin compounds, often used in mixtures. Amine catalysts favor the reaction of isocyanate with water, producing urea linkages and CO2, which acts as a blowing agent. On the other hand, organotin catalysts favor the isocyanate/hydroxyl reaction. Additional catalysts and catalyst decomposition products may be present if graft polyols are part of the mixture. The most common of these catalysts are free radical initiators. Phosphorus compounds may be present in the case of carbodiimide-modi-fied MDI. 

Tg measurements have been performed on many other polymers and copolymers including phenol bark resins [71], PS [72-74], p-nitrobenzene substituted polymethacrylates [75], PC [76], polyimines [77], polyurethanes (PU) [78], Novolac resins [71], polyisoprene, polybutadiene, polychloroprene, nitrile rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer and butyl rubber [79], bisphenol-A epoxy diacrylate-trimethylolpropane triacrylate [80], mono and dipolyphosphazenes [81], polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid entrapment polymers [82], polyether nitrile copolymers [83], polyacrylate-polyoxyethylene grafts [84], Novolak type thermosets [71], polyester carbonates [85], polyethylene naphthalene, 2,6, dicarboxylate [86], PET-polyethylene 2,6-naphthalone carboxylate blends [87], a-phenyl substituted aromatic-aliphatic polyamides [88], sodium acrylate-methyl methacrylate multiblock copolymers [89], telechelic sulfonate polyester ionomers [90], aromatic polyamides [91], polyimides [91], 4,4"-bis(4-oxyphenoxy)benzophenone diglycidyl ether - 3,4 epoxycyclohexyl methyl 3,4 epoxy cyclohexane carboxylate blends [92], PET [93], polyhydroxybutyrate [94], polyetherimides [95], macrocyclic aromatic disulfide oligomers [96], acrylics [97], PU urea elastomers [97], glass reinforced epoxy resin composites [98], PVOH [99], polymethyl methacrylate-N-phenyl maleimide, styrene copolymers [100], chiral... 

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