Polysulfone copolymers

Figure 14. Variation of radical yield with copolymer composition for bisphenol-A — hydroquinone aromatic polysulfone copolymers after ...

PA-46 (90) / EP-g-MA (1% MA) (10) TSE at 310°C / SEM / mechanical properties / also blends containing polysulfone and PA-polysulfone copolymer Koning etal., 1993a... 

Vinyl ethers also react with sulfiir dioxide to give polysulfone copolymers [59]. 

Polysulfone copolymer by the reaction of 5-hexene-2-one with sulfur dioxide [65]. 

This polymer can be prepared by the interfacial polycondensation of bisphenol A alkali salt dissolved in the water phase and phosgene (COQj) dissolved in methylene chloride. It can be used either as the pure polymer or in blends, particularly with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers. The bisphenol A structure appears in other combinations, e.g., in a polysulfone copolymer (see Table 15.10) and in aromatic polyesters with phthalic acid moieties... 

Recent efforts in the synthesis of sulfonated aromatic polymers are directed to the polymerization of sulfonated monomers (such as (b), (d), (g), (j), (k), and (1) shown in Scheme 3) [14,15,53,54,96-102] or coupling reactions of sulfonated compoimds with fimctional groups attached to a polymer backbone [ 103,104]. In post-sulfonation, attachment of the sulfonic acid group is restricted to the activated position ortho to the aromatic ether bond, as indicated in Scheme 4a, while in direct polymerization of sulfonated monomers, the sulfonic acid groups are attached to the deactivated site on the ring (Scheme 4b). An enhancement of stabUity toward desulfonation and a modestly higher acidity are expected for the structure shown in Scheme 4b. Recently, polymerization of sulfonated monomers was also used to obtain sulfonated polysulfone (m) via oxidation of a sulfonated polysulfide-polysulfone copolymer [105]. 

Polysulfone Copolymer from bisphenol A -h p,p -dichlorodiphenyl sulfone Shell, The Netherlands... 

A series of patents were issued to Mammino on various resins like modified polysulfones and polysiloxanes that can be photocrosslinked when Lewis acids are added. In addition, light sensitive polysulfone copolymers can be formed through interfacial polycondensation. " Also, the reactions can be carried out on mixed bisphenols and aromatic disulfonyl chlorides in the presence of Lewis acids. 

In recent years a series of polysulfone copolymers bearing pyridine units in the main chain have been prepared and studied. These copolymers will be described in the following section and thier chemical structure can be seen in Fig. 10. Blends of the copolymer I50 (Fig. 10), which hereafter will be called PPy(50)coPSF (bearing 50% pyridine), with mPBI have been prepared and studied thoroughly with respect to their miscibihty behavior, mechanical properties, their doping ability with phosphoric acid and conductivity values, as well as their thennal and oxidative stability 69,70,71... 

Figure 21. The transient evolution of (i) H2O and (ii) H2 flow rates at the anode outlet and (iii) current 7 upon (iv) voltage application of F ,=-0.5Volt Electrolyte PBI/PPy(50)coPSF 50/50. Doping level 200%wt. Membrane thickness 70pm. The anode/cathode feed gas composition was dry H230%-Ar/O2. Reprinted from M. K. Daletou, J. K. Kallitsis, G. Voyiatzis and S. G. Neophytides, The interaction of water vapors with H3PO4 imbibed electrolyte on PBI/polysulfone copolymer blends. Journal of Membrane Science 326 (2009) 76-83, Copyright (2009) with permission from Elsevier.

Daletou MK, Kallitsis JK, Voyiatzis G, Neophytides SG (2009) The interaction of water vapors with H(3) PO(4) imbibed electrolyte based on PBI/polysulfone copolymer blends. J Memb Sci 326(1 ) 76-83... 

Polysulfonate Copolymer n (sulfonate-carboxylate copolymer) A family of transparent, thermoplastic polyesters, moldable at 250-300°C, and formed by reaction of a diphenol, generally bisphenol A, with an aromatic disulfonyl chloride and an aliphatic disulfonyl chloride or carboxylic acid chloride. These copolymers... 

Camacho-Zuniga, C. Ruiz-Trevino, F. A. Hernandez-Lopez, S. Zolotukhin, M. G. Maurer, F. and A. Gonzalez-Montie, A., Aromatic polysulfone copolymers for gas separation membrane applications, J. Membr. Sci., 340(1-2), 221-226 (2009). 

Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer Styrene- butadiene copolymer, high-impact Polysulfone ... 

Other Polymers. Besides polycarbonates, poly(methyl methacrylate)s, cycfic polyolefins, and uv-curable cross-linked polymers, a host of other polymers have been examined for their suitabiUty as substrate materials for optical data storage, preferably compact disks, in the last years. These polymers have not gained commercial importance polystyrene (PS), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), cellulose acetobutyrate (CAB), bis(diallylpolycarbonate) (BDPC), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), styrene—acrylonitrile copolymers (SAN), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAC), and for substrates with high resistance to heat softening, polysulfones (PSU) and polyimides (PI). 

Polymer Solvent. Sulfolane is a solvent for a variety of polymers, including polyacrylonitrile (PAN), poly(vinyhdene cyanide), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly(vinyl fluoride), and polysulfones (124—129). Sulfolane solutions of PAN, poly(vinyhdene cyanide), and PVC have been patented for fiber-spinning processes, in which the relatively low solution viscosity, good thermal stabiUty, and comparatively low solvent toxicity of sulfolane are advantageous. Powdered perfluorocarbon copolymers bearing sulfo or carboxy groups have been prepared by precipitation from sulfolane solution with toluene at temperatures below 300°C. Particle sizes of 0.5—100 p.m result. 

Membrane stmcture is a function of the materials used (polymer composition, molecular weight distribution, solvent system, etc) and the mode of preparation (solution viscosity, evaporation time, humidity, etc). Commonly used polymers include cellulose acetates, polyamides, polysulfones, dynels (vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymers) and poly(vinyhdene fluoride). 

Polymeric Membranes Economically important applications required membranes that could operate at higher pH than could CA, for which the optimum is around pH = 5. Many polymeric membranes are now available, most of which have excellent hydrolytic stabihty. Particularly prominent are polysulfone, polyvinyhdene fluoride, poly-ethersulfone, polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene copolymers, and aciylic copolymers. 

POLYAMIDE—IMIOCS THERMOPLASTIC POLYESTERS IINCLUOING AROMATICSI POLYSULFONES POLYSTYRSNE / COPOLYMERS (EXCEPT ABSl EPOXY... 

Using 4,4,-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid (BHPA)196 197 as comonomer, some polysulfones with pendent carboxylic groups were successfully synthesized.198199 Table 6.1 shows the structure of BHPA. The functional groups can be used for the preparation of graft copolymers. 

Polystyrene-Woc -polysulfone-/ /oc -polystyrene and poly(butyl acrylate)-Woc -polysulfone-/ /oc -poly(butyl acrylate) triblock copolymers were prepared using a macroinitiator.214 The hydroxyl-terminated polysulfone was allowed to react with 2-bromopropionyl bromide, an atomic transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator, in the presence of pyridine. The modified macroinitiator could initiate die styrene polymerization under controlled conditions. 

See also PBT degradation structure and properties of, 44-46 synthesis of, 106, 191 Polycaprolactam (PCA), 530, 541 Poly(e-caprolactone) (CAPA, PCL), 28, 42, 86. See also PCL degradation OH-terminated, 98-99 Polycaprolactones, 213 Poly(carbo[dimethyl]silane)s, 450, 451 Polycarbonate glycols, 207 Polycarbonate-polysulfone block copolymer, 360 Polycarbonates, 213 chemical structure of, 5 Polycarbosilanes, 450-456 Poly(chlorocarbosilanes), 454 Polycondensations, 57, 100 Poly(l,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) (PCT), 25 Polydimethyl siloxanes, 4 Poly(dioxanone) (PDO), 27 Poly (4,4 -dipheny lpheny lpho sphine oxide) (PAPO), 347 Polydispersity, 57 Polydispersity index, 444 Poly(D-lactic acid) (PDLA), 41 Poly(DL-lactic acid) (PDLLA), 42 Polyester amides, 18 Polyester-based networks, 58-60 Polyester carbonates, 18 Polyester-ether block copolymers, 20 Polyester-ethers, 26... 

Preparation and thermal crosslinking reactions of oc, -vinylbenzyl terminated polysulfone-b-polydimethylsiloxane, ABA type block copolymers have been discussed 282,313) However, relatively little characterization was reported. Molecular weights of polysulfone and PDMS segments in the copolymers were varied between 800-8,000 and 500-11,000 g/mole, respectively. After thermal curing, the networks obtained showed two phase morphologies as indicated by the detection of two glass transition temperatures (—123 °C and +200 °C) corresponding to PDMS and polysulfone phases, respectively. No mechanical characterization data were provided. 

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