Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons carcinogenicity

A CASE-SAR analysis of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogenicity. Mutat. Res., 242, 285-303. 

Chaloupka, K., Krishnan, V. Safe, S. (1992). Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens as antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells role of the Ah... 

Outside of carbon monoxide for which the toxicity is already well-known, five types of organic chemical compounds capable of being emitted by vehicles will be the focus of our particular attention these are benzene, 1-3 butadiene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, PNA, taken as a whole. Among the latter, two, like benzo [a] pyrene, are viewed as carcinogens. Benzene is considered here not as a motor fuel component emitted by evaporation, but because of its presence in exhaust gas (see Figure 5.25). 

The purpose of this eornpuLer project is Lo examine several polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and to relate their electron density patterns to their carcinogenic activity. If nucleophilic binding to DN.A is a significant step in blocking the normal transcription process of DN.A, electron density in the hydrocarbon should be positively correlated to its carcinogenic potency. To begin with, we shall rely on clinical evidence that benzene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene... 

The fused 3+ ring aromatics in petroleum include both cata- and peri-condensed stmctures (see Table 4, Fig. 8). The cata-condensed species are those stmctures where only one face is shared between rings, the peri-condensed molecules are those that share more than one face. The fused ring aromatics form the class of compounds known as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) which includes a number of recognized carcinogens in the 4+ ring family (33). Because of the potential health and environmental impact of PAH, these compounds have been studied extensively in petroleum. 

Cancerous skin lesions of workers exposed to pitch dust undoubtedly support the behef that these lesions are caused by polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, although it had not been possible to demonstrate their carcinogenic action in animals more closely related to humans, such as monkeys. 

Baird, W.M., R.A. Chemerys, L. Diamond, T.H. Meedel, and J.R. Whittaker. 1982. Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene by Ciona intestinalis. Pages 191-200 in N.L. Richards and B.L. Jackson (eds.) Symposium Carcinogenic Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Marine Environment. U.S. Environ. Protection Agency Rep. 600/9-82-013. 

Rogan, E., E. Cavalieri, A. Munhall, and S. Salmasi. 1983. Synergistic effect of the environmental contaminants cyclopenta(cd)pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene in mouse skin carcinogenicity. Pages 1035-1046 in M. Cooke and A.J. Dennis (eds.). Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons Mechanisms, Methods and Metabolism. Battelle Press, Columbus, OH. 

Mixtures of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons are often carcinogenic and possibly phototoxic. One way to approach site-specific risk assessments would... 

Hecht SS, Carmella S, Furuya K, LaVoie EEJ. 1981. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and cetechol derivatives as potential factors in digestive tract carcinogenesis. In Sugimura T, Kondo S, Takebe, eds. Environmental mutagens and carcinogens Proceedings of the 3rd International conference, Tokyo, Japan, Sept. 21-27, 1981. New York Alan R. Liss, Inc., 545-556. 

Heinrich, G., and H. Glisten, Fluorescence Spectroscopic Properties of Carcinogenic and Airborne Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons, in Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons Chemistry and Biological Effects (A. Bjprseth and A. J. Dennis, Eds.), pp. 983-1003, Battelle Press, Columbus, OH, 1980. 

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), of widespread occurrence in the environment, result from incomplete combustion of carbon- and hydrogen-containing substances. Many PAHs are well-recognized carcinogens and mutagens. Several industrial processes, such as fossil fuel conversion and production of aluminium and ferroalloys, can produce PAHs and result in their occurence in the working environment. 

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