Polymers polyetheretherketone

The high technology thermoplastic aromatic polymers. In the mid-1980s ICI developed a new generation of thermoplastic aronratic polymers, in particnlar the amorphorrs polymer poly ether snlphone (PES) and the senri-crystalline polymer polyetheretherketone (PEEK) (Cogswell, 1989) they also developed the pre-impregnation of continnons fibres... 

For fluorine-free products, the labiUty of fluorine in fluoronitrobenzenes and other activated molecules permits it to serve as a handle in hair-dye manufacturing operations, high performance polymers such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), production of dmgs such as diuretics, and fiber-reactive dyes. Labile fluorine has also been used in analytical appHcations and biological diagnostic reagents. 

Another commercial appHcation of nucleophilic reactions of nitro-free duoroaromatics is the manufacture of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) high performance polymers from 4,4 -diduoroben2ophenone [345-92-6], and hydroquinone [121-31-9] (131) (see PoLYETHERS, AROMATIC). 

Acrylic ESTER POLYMERS Acrylonitrile POLYMERS Cellulose esters). Engineering plastics (qv) such as acetal resins (qv), polyamides (qv), polycarbonate (qv), polyesters (qv), and poly(phenylene sulfide), and advanced materials such as Hquid crystal polymers, polysulfone, and polyetheretherketone are used in high performance appHcations they are processed at higher temperatures than their commodity counterparts (see Polymers containing sulfur). 

Other SSIMS studies of polymer surfaces have included perfluorinated polyether [3.21], low-density polyethylene [3.22], poly(ethylene terephthalate) [3.23], and the oxidation of polyetheretherketone [3.24]. 

APC-2 = a polyetheretherketone, thermoplastic polymer matrix from ICl Fiberite,... 

High-temperature TPs are available to compete with TSs, metals, ceramics, and other nonplastic materials. The heat-resistant TPs include polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyethersulfone (PES), polyamideimide, liquid crystal polymer (LCP) and others. 

Polyetheretherketone, PEEK High temperature polymers CH063O0.16 0.029 1.60 0.001 0.008 17.0... 

The components within the F1PLC system are interconnected by short segments of transfer tubing with a very small internal diameter (0.1mm). Traditionally constructed from stainless steel, transfer tubes can also be made of PEEK a (polyetheretherketone), a coloured, flexible polymer that is less expensive to fabricate than stainless steel and is resistant to common solvents under elevated pressures (up to 350 bar). 

Engineering thermoplastics have also been used in preimpregnated constructions. The thermoplastic is thoroughly dispersed as a continuous phase in glass, other resins, carbon fibers (qv), or other reinforcement. Articles can be produced from these constructions using thermoforming techniques. For example, the aerospace industry uses polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in woven carbon-fiber tapes (26). Experimental uses of other composite constructions have been reported (27) (see also COMPOSITE MATERIALS, POLYMER-MATRIX). 

Among the various materials are crosslinked PAN, polyphosphazenes, polyphe-nylenesulfide, polyetheretherketone, and various polymer blends [28-31]. Particularly interesting is the use of zeolites as filler in organic polymers, which aims at improving the performance of (silicone-based) membranes for separations in nonpolar solvents, by adding more cross-links to the membrane material [32, 33]. 

More recently cation-exchange membranes with good mechanical and chemical stability and well-controlled ion-exchange capacity are prepared by dissolving and casting a functionalized polymer such as sulfonated polysulfone, or sulfonated polyetheretherketone in an appropriate solvent, followed by casting the mixture into a film and then evaporation of the solvent [12]. 

To obtain membranes with different ion-exchange capacity the sulfonated polyetheretherketone or polysulfone can be mixed with unsulfonated polymer in a solvent such as N-methylpyrrolidone. By changing the ratio of the sulfonated to unsulfonated polymer the fixed-charge density can easily be adjusted to a desired value. 

Melt processable, crystalline, high temperature polymers such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK) have been developed for critical application areas where processability, chemical resistance and toughness are required. PEEK has been applied as thermo-... 

Fig. 7 Chemical structures of some sulfonated polymers and a polyimide (A) sulfonated polyetheretherketone, PEEK, PSE (B) sulfonated polyphenylenesulfide, PPS (C) sulfonated polysulfone (D) poly(4,4 -biphenol) (4,4 -dichlorodiphenyl sulfone), BPSH-XX (XX is mol% of disulfdonated units) (E) sulfonated polybenzimidazole, PBI (F) polyimide.

When an automotive chemist chooses a polymer for dynamic sealing, he or she will have to consider the conditions present in Table 6.1. The two main polymers utilized today for these applications are the thermoset polyimides and polyetheretherketones. Polytetrafluoroethylene is also used for less severe applications. Wear test data are collected on an apparatus in which three circular pins of the polymer being examined... 

A polymer s properties control the characteristics of the part made from it however, the polymer is only one of several constituents. Polymers are compounded with an array of other materials. The polyimides and polyetheretherketones discussed here use reinforcing fillers and curing agents. Curing agents are used to form the network of cross-links that guarantee elasticity rather than flow [3],... 

Unlike inert fillers that have little effect on physical properties, reinforcing fillers such as carbon black and Teflon add to the mechanical properties of the polymer [6], Both of the polymers for rotating dynamic seals examined here contain carbon black as a reinforcing filler. Teflon is added to polyetheretherketone to increase the lubricity properties of the polymer. Ninety percent of carbon black is obtained through furnace black, which involves the combustion of thermal cracking of hydrocarbons [7], This reaction takes place at 1,200-1,400°C ... 

The most widespread polymer currently in use for high-speed dynamic sealing applications in automotives is polyetheretherketone. These thermoplastic aromatic polymers are used in the aerospace, electronics, and nuclear industries [9], These materials have excellent mechanical- and chemical-resistance properties, which permit polyethere-therketones to be used in many engineering applications—often in harsh environments [10], These polyetheretherketones are the product of the reaction of 1,4-dihydroxyben-zene and 4,4 -di II non then /ophenonc [8]. Figure 6.5 shows this reaction. 

Polyaryletherketones (PAEK) are aromatic polymers with ether and ketone linkages in the chain, viz. PEK, PEEK, PEEKK, etc. Polyetheretherketone (Victrex PEEK), [-( )-C0-( )-0-( )-0-]jj, was commercialized in 1980 (Tg = 143°C, T = 334°C). Commercial blends of PEEK include, Sumiploy PEEK/PES/PTFE, PEEK/LCP, Cortem PEEK/ LTG, etc. Evolution of PEEK blends technology is outlined in Table 1.73. 

Polyetherimide was found to be miscible with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) exhibiting a single T. Since PEEK is a semicrystalline polymer with a T of ca. 150°C, the blend should have... 

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