Polyglucoses

Recent applications of HPAEC-PAD are many and varied. A representative list includes quantitation of polyglucose metabolites in plasma of dialysis patients,148 analysis of heat-treated milk,149 carbohydrate content in lipopolysaccharides,150 phosphorylated sugars in tissue samples,151 composition of soybean meal,152 carbohydrate composition of recombinant modified tissue plasminogen activator,153 analysis of cyclization products from an enzyme reaction,154 carbohydrate content of glycoconjugate vaccines,155 and monitoring of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.156... 

Burke, R. A., Hvizd, M. G., and Shockley, T. R., Direct determination of polyglucose metabolites in plasma using anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection, ]. Chromatogr. B, 693, 353, 1997. 

Decyl oleate, in shaving products, 7 852 Decyl polyglucose, cosmetic surfactant, 7 834t... 

Polysaccharides from which 2,4,6-trimethyl-D-glucose can be prepared by methylation and hydrolysis include a polyglucose isolated from the cell wall of brewer s yeast,166 laminarin168 and the hemicellulose fraction of Iceland moss.188... 

In actual practice, the inert gels of dextran (I)-a polyglucose or other types of polymers, for instance agarose and polyacrylamides, wherein the macromolecules invariably are cross-linked to afford a reasonably porous 3D-structure, served as the stationary phases in size-exclusion chromatography. 

Glycogen synthase makes a linear a1,4-linked polyglucose chain (o-o-o-o-o). 

Metabolism/Excretion - Dextran, a polyglucose, is either metabolized or excreted. Negligible amounts of iron are lost via the urinary or alimentary pathways after administration of dextran. 

From glucose alone various organisms synthesize a whole series of polymeric glucans with quite different properties. Of these, cellulose, an unbranched (1-1,4-linked polyglucose (Fig. 4-5A), is probably the most abundant. It is the primary structural polysaccharide of the cell walls of most green plants.65 For the whole Earth, plants produce 1014 kg of cellulose per year. 

Limited analysis, by periodate oxidation, of the structure of a polyglucose of Pn 20 prepared by this thionyl chloride procedure showed 58% of the... 

Total hydrolysis of the polymers gave D-glucose only. Water-soluble derivatives (ethyl or carboxymethyl ethers) of the polymers were unaffected by a-amylase, but were partially hydrolyzed by a ceUulase preparation from Acdobader xylinum. The optical rotations of several preparations of this polyglucose and of cellulose (P 1150) in tetraethylammonium hydroxide were all 0°, thereby strongly suggesting that the polyglucoses are /S-D-linked.109... 

On the basis of the data, it was concluded1 that the synthetic polyglucoses obtained by this method are linear, /3-d- (1— 4) -linked glucans which possess properties similar to those of cellulose. It is especially significant that this polymerization proceeded with apparent stereospecificity, to form only the /S-d anomeric linkage. The mild conditions under which the polycondensation occurs probably contribute to this selectivity of reaction. 

A major undertaking was initiated in 1950 by Pacsu and Mora,104 and later continued by Mora and colleagues, to establish optimal conditions for the condensation polymerization of simple sugars, both mono- and disaccharides. These studies also involved the preparation of derivatives of polyglucose [containing —CO H, —OSO H, —0N02, —0—CHjCHjNH, ... 

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