Polyethylene glycol -functionalized

Shreeve and coworkers have recently synthesized a class of polyethylene glycol functionalized dicationic ILs that exhibit high thermal stabilities and unique tribological behavior [23]. 

Jin, C.-M., Ye, C., Phillips, B.S., Zabinski, J.S., Liu, X., Liu, W., and Shreeve, J.M., Polyethylene glycol functionalized dicationic ionic liquids with alkyl or poly-fluoroalkyl substituents as high temperature lubricants,. Mater. Chem., 16, 1529-1535, 2006. 

Yang Z-Z, Zhao Y-N, He L-N et al (2012) Highly efficient conversion of carbon dioxide catalyzed by polyethylene glycol-functionalized basic ionic liquids. Green Chem 14(2)519-527... 

In recent years, dicationic imidazolium ILs have attracted the attention of researchers. Jin et al. [87] synthesized a series of new polyethylene glycol-functionalized dicationic ILs with alkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substitutents (Fig. 9.14a, b) and studied their thermal decomposition behavior and the glass transition as well as tribological properties. They found that such ILs had very good thermal stability and the introduction of fluorine substituents can improve their antiwear properties [87]. 

Jin CM, Ye CF, Phillips BS et al (2006) Polyethylene glycol functionalized dicationic ionic liquids with alkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substituents as high temperature lubricemts. J Mater... 

Rhodium complexes generated from the polyethylene glycol)-functionalized phosphine 9 (n = 1, x = 0, R = Me, Bu), which should behave as a nonionic surfactant and be able to induce micelle formation, have been used as catalysts in the hydroformylation of 1-dodecene in an aqueous/organic two-phase system [31]. The conversion of 1-dodecene was 80% and the n/iso ratio 60 40, with no carryover of the rhodium catalyst into the organic phase. The Rh/9 (n = 1, x = 0, R = Me, Bu) catalyst remained active after one recycle step [31],... 

The asymmetric diphosphine 16, used in rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation reactions [43], should exhibit surfactant properties due to the polyethylene glycol) functionality. The behavior of 16 in water (insoluble when n = 5 and water-soluble with n = 16) is typical for nonionic surfactant diphosphines and analogous to that of 13, which shows increasing water-solubility with increasing molecular mass [40 b]. 

Zhang J., Rana S., Srivastava R.S., Misra R.D.K (2008). On the chemical synthesis and drug delivery response of folate receptor-activated, polyethylene glycol-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles, Acta Biomaterialia, Volume 4, Issue 1, pp 40-48. 

Amino acid based polyanhydrides Ricinoleic acid based polyanhydrides Polyanhydride with polyethylene glycol functionality... 

Chemical Names Methoxy polyethylene glycols 350, 550, 750, 2000, and 5000 Trade Name Carbowax Methoxy Polyethylene Glycols Function in Formula Solvent, carrier, lubricant... 

Laundry detergent may also contain polyethylene glycol, a polymer that prevents dirt from redepositing on the clothes. This function used to be the job of phosphates. Another polymer used for this purpose is carboxy methyl cellulose, which is derived from natural cellulose but is very soluble in water. 

In our ongoing efforts to develop oxidation catalysts that are functional in water as environmentally berrign solvent, we synthesized a water-soluble pentadentate salen ligand with polyethylene glycol side chairts (8). After coordination of copper(II) ions to the salen ligand, a dinuclear copper(II) complex is obtained that is soluble in water, methanol and mixtures of both solvents. The aerobic oxidation of 3,5-di-tert.-butylcatechol (DTBC) into 3,5-di-terr.-butylqitinone (DTBQ) was used as a model reaction to determine the catalytically active species and initial data on its catalytic activity in 80% methanol. 

If mono-hydroxyl functionalized polyethylene glycol), HO-PEG, is added to Ca(NTMS2)2.THF2, then addition of LA affords the diblock PEG-b-PLA (Mn= 15,500, Mn calc = 15,500, Mw/Mn = 1.03).832 Using a similar strategy the reaction of CaFI2 with telechelic diol HO-(PEG)-OH, followed by polymerization of L-LA results in a triblock structure, PLA-b-PEG-b-PLA of narrow polydispersity (1.02-1.08).835 836 Triblock copolymers of morpholine-2,5-diones with PEO have also been prepared in this manner.837... 

It should be pointed out that the addition of substances, which could improve the biocompatibility of sol-gel processing and the functional characteristics of the silica matrix, is practiced rather widely. Polyethylene glycol) is one of such additives [110— 113]. Enzyme stabilization was favored by formation of polyelectrolyte complexes with polymers. For example, an increase in the lactate oxidase and glycolate oxidase activity and lifetime took place when they were combined with poly(N-vinylimida-zole) and poly(ethyleneimine), respectively, prior to their immobilization [87,114]. To improve the functional efficiency of entrapped horseradish peroxidase, a graft copolymer of polyvinylimidazole and polyvinylpyridine was added [115,116]. As shown in Refs. [117,118], the denaturation of calcium-binding proteins, cod III parvalbumin and oncomodulin, in the course of sol-gel processing could be decreased by complexation with calcium cations. 

Meyer M, Philipp A, Oskuee R, Schmidt C, Wagner E (2008) Breathing life into polycations functionalization with pH-responsive endosomolytic peptides and polyethylene glycol enables siRNA delivery. J Am Chem Soc 130 3272-3273... 

Fig. 8 Nanosystems that may function as simultaneous drug delivery and imaging agents for targeting T cells (a) liposomal systems, (b) solid biodegradable nanoparticulates, and (c) macro-molecular dendrimer complexes. PEG polyethylene glycol, Gd-DTPA gadolininum-diethylene triamine penta acetic acid. (Adapted from [48])...

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