Poly -coated catheters

Lubricious Coatings for Biomaterials. Coatings of poly(ethylene oxide) when dry are tactile. If brought into contact with water, the poly(ethylene oxide) hydates rapidly and forms a lubricious coating. This type of technology is of great interest for biomedical devices introduced into the human body, such as catheters and endotracheal tubes, and for sutures (114—117). 

Figure 4 Electron micrographs of unchlorinated poly(vinyl acetate-co-oxazolidinone) (top) and chlorinated poly(vinyl acetate-co-oxazolidinone) (bottom) coated medical catheters exposed for 72 h to a flowing aqueous suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10 CFU/mL). 

A very original application is the use of insoluble, polymeric Gd(III)-chelates as coating materials e.g., on the polypropylene catheters used for medical purposes (97). To poly(styrene-maleic acid) copolymer (SMA), HEDTA was conjugated and the Gd(III) ions were complexed by the resulting polymer, forming SMA-HEDTA-Gd(III). As a variation, the citric acid-HEDTA-SMA polymer was synthesized and used for chelating the Gd(III)ions, forming SMA-HEDTA-citric acid-Gd(III). The Gd(III) contents were 3.75 and... 

In the HBMs described above, enhanced stability derives from multivalent inter-molecular interactions among linear lipo-polymers in the outer monolayer, relative to the fewer number of interactions expected per monomer in an unpolymerized HBM. An alternative strategy is to link covalently the lipid tail(s) to the inner monolayer, as described by Krishna et al. [60], They used a four-step approach to create poly(acrylatePC) coatings on silicone catheters (Fig. 3) (1) plasma polymerization of allyl alcohol on the catheter surface (2) reaction with acryloyl chloride (3) vesicle fusion of monoacryloyl-terminated lipids on the acryloyl functionalized... 

Conductive polymer nanocomposites may also be used in different electrical applications such as the electrodes of batteries or display devices. Linseed oil-based poly(urethane amide)/nanostuctured poly(l-naphthylamine) nanocomposites can be used as antistatic and anticorrosive protective coating materials. Castor oil modified polyurethane/ nanohydroxyapatite nanocomposites have the potential for use in biomedical implants and tissue engineering. Mesua ferrea and sunflower seed oil-based HBPU/silver nanocomposites have been found suitable for use as antibacterial catheters, although more thorough work remains to be done in this field. ° Sunflower oil modified HBPU/silver nanocomposites also have considerable potential as heterogeneous catalysts for the reduction of nitro-compounds to amino compounds. Castor oil-based polyurethane/ epoxy/clay nanocomposites can be used as lubricants to reduce friction and wear. HBPU of castor oil and MWCNT nanocomposites possesses good shape memory properties and therefore could be used in smart materials. ... 

The miniaturization of sensors is an advantage for in vivo measurements. A miniaturized ion-selective sensor chip for potassium, mounted in a catheter or cannula and integrated onto an Si chip containing valinomycin with a Ag/AgCl reference electrode coated with a poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) layer, has been used in in vivo determination of K in blood or serum. 

Yang S-H, Lee Y-SJ, Lin F-H, Yang J-M, Chen K-S. Chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) blending hydrogel coating improves the surface characteristics of segmented polyurethane urethral catheters. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007 83B 304-13. 

Solution coating with poly(MPC-co-BMA) on SPU (Tecoflex ) Friction evaluation as catheter [103]... 

Wang DA, Ji J, Gao CY, Yu GH, Feng LX. Surface coating of stearyl poly(ethylene oxide) coupling-polymer on polyurethane guiding catheters with poly(ether urethane) film-building additive for biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2001 22(12) 1549-62. 

Another hydrophilic polymer studied as antifouling coating is poly-A-vinylpyrrolidone (Hydromer ). PU catheters coated with Hydromer significantly reduced the adhesion of five strains of S. epidermidis and one strain of S. aureusMore recently, a PVP coating was applied to PU for application as urinary tract biomaterial. While enaustation was less on the PVP-coated PU than on the uncoated PU and silicone catheters, E. coli and E. faecalis adhesion was similar on the coated and uncoated PUs. 

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