Poly carpet fibers

Carpet fibers are made by chemists in a lab who use a series of chemical reactions, too. Carpet fibers are chemicals called polymers. During the chemical process of polymerization, individual molecules, called monomers, are linked together to form long chains. The prefix mono- means "one" and the prefix poly- means "many." Knowing this makes it easier to remember that monomers (individual molecules) are joined together to make polymers (many monomers joined together). 

PET poly(ethylene terephthalate) beverage containers, boil in food pouches detergent bottles, carpet fibers, fleece jackets... 

Static electricity can be a big problem with carpets. Many carpet fibers therefore incorporate an antistatic agent (such as quaternary ammonium salts or alkyl esters of poly(ethylene glycol) to bleed off static charge. These additives are designed to bloom to the surface of the host polymer reducing the build-up of static charge. 

H. H. Chuah, Corterra Poly (trimethylene) terephthalate — New Polymeric Fiber for Carpets, Paper presented at Tifcon 96, Blackpool, U.K. (1966). http //www. shellchemicals.com. 

Propanediol. Both the diol and the dicarboxylic acid components of poly-trimethylene-terephthalate, a high performance polyester fiber with extensive applications in textile apparel and carpeting, are currently manufactured from petrochemical raw materials. 

DuPont and Shell have developed a new polyester, poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) (structure 19.38) that is structurally similar to PET, except that 1,3-propanediol (PDO) is used in place of ethylene glycol. The extra carbon in Sorona allows the fiber to be more easily colored giving a textile material that is softer with greater stretch. Further, it offers good wear and stain resistance for carpet use. The ready availability of the monomer PDO is a major consideration with efforts underway to create PDO from the fermentation of sugar through the use of biocatalysts for this conversion. Sorona and Lycra blends have already been successfully marketed. Sorona is also targeted for use as a resin and film. 

Hydroxypropanal. 3-Hydroxypropanal can be formed by fermentation of glucose and is thus an attractive starting material for production of 1,3-propanediol, which can be polymerized with /ere-phthalic acid to produce poly trimethylene terephthalate (PTT). PTT is used in the fibers industry in the production of stain resistant carpets etc. 

PLA may be fabricated into film for packaging and is also made into fibers useful for carpeting (24). PLA is indeed biodegradable, but only under controlled composting conditions. Biodegradation of poly (lactic acid) requires temperatures of about 140 °F for many days to insure decomposition, ultimately into CO and water. Unfortunately, such conditions are not typical of landfills (3) or of most backyard compost heaps. Hence, even plastic bags made from PLA will not quickly disappear from the natural environment. Anaerobic decomposition of PLA results in liberation of methane, an even more potent greenhouse gas than CO (25-28). 

Whinfield and Dickson quickly realized that the polymer based on ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid was the best suited for fibers (Figure 11). They did, however, make and describe several other polyesters including poly(butanediol terephthalate) (PBT). Many years later a number of polyester fiber producers became interested in PBT. One producer explained that he was interested in PBT because it made a fiber that resembled nylon. Because nylon was becoming popular as a carpet yarn, and because he was not in the nylon business, he considered PBT a means of competing in carpet yarns. 

Nylon-6 (poly-e-caprolactam) is mainly used for fiber production and applied in textiles, tire cords and carpeting. It is also used as extrusion and molding resin. 

Uses Mfg. of syn. textile fibers antistat spinning oil for carpets finish component in food-contact poly (phenyleneterephthalamide) resins... 

Abstract Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) fibers, as a new type of polyester, are characterized by much better resilience and stress/recovery properties than poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT). PPT chains are much more angularly structured than PET and PBT chains and such chains can be stretched by up to 15% with a reversible recovery (Ward et al. 1976). These properties make PTT highly suitable for uses in fiber, carpet, textile, film, and engineering thermoplastics applications. 1,3-Propanediol (PDO), as one of the polyester raw materials for PTT, has also attracted interest. 

Polyesters enter our lives in a most ubiquitous manner as textiles, carpets, tire cords, medical accessories, seat belts, automotive and electronic items, photographic film, magnetic tape for audio and video recording, packaging materials, bottles, and so on. Their utility is illustrated by the vast range of their applications. This article describes the properties, synthesis, manufacture, and raw materials for the two most widely used thermoplastic polyesters polyCethylene terephtha-late) (PET) [25038-59-9] and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) [26062-94-2]. In order of volume, PET comes first by virtue of its enormous market tonnage in polyester fibers and films, as well as the resin for blow-molded bottles, containers, and food packaging. 

In related chemistry, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a polymer used in bottles and packaging, and it can also be made into a synthetic fiber (trade name Ingeo) used in clothing and carpets. 

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