Poly amination

Stanax 1166 Standard Chemical Products Cationic antistatic softeners poly amine resin... 

Ambient-cure systems are often based on lower molecular-weight soHd epoxy resins cured with aUphatic polyamines or polyamides. Curing normally occurs at ambient temperatures with a working life (pot life) of 8—24 h, depending on the formulation. Epoxy—poly amine systems are typically used for maintenance coatings in oil refineries, petrochemical plants, and in many marine appHcations. Such coverings are appHed by spray or bmsh. These are used widely where water immersion is encountered, particularly in marine appHcations (see COATINGS, MARINE). 

The term epoxy is familiar to nonchemists because of the widespread use of epoxy glues and resins. These are crosslinked polyether thermoplastics made from a liquid resin which is typically a mixture of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (70) and a polymer (71 Scheme 86). The liquid resin is cured or hardened to the final resin by mixing with a crosslinking reagent, which can be an acid, a di- or poly-alcohol, or a di- or poly-amine (Scheme 86). 

Hi) Poly amines. In many respects the role of poly amines in plant functioning is still mysterious after many years work. They are almost certainly involved in the control of growth and development through their interactions with nucleic acids and membranes (Smith, 1985). There is increasing circumstantial evidence for their involvement, especially of putrescine, in plant responses to a wide range of stresses including pH, Mg deficiency, osmotic shock, cold, SO2 pollution, and cadmium and ammonium toxicity (Smith, 1985). It remains to be determined, however, how, and indeed whether, putrescine accumulation in response to these diverse stresses is beneficial. 

The effect of pH and cation concentration on pectinesterase (PE) activation and permeation on 30 kD MWCO ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was evaluated. In order of increasing effectiveness, PE activity was stimulated by monovalent and divalent cations, poly amines and trivalent cations. A similar trend was observed for permeation on UF membranes. Cation addition and higher pH releases PE from an inactive complex, increases activity, and increases permeation. Higher cation concentration decreases activity and permeation. These results suggest a common mechanism is involved in PE activation and permeation. 

K Ishihara, M Kobayashi, N Ishimaru, I Shinohara. Glucose induced permeation control of insulin through a complex membrane consisting of immobilized glucose oxidase and a poly(amine). Polym J 8 625-631, 1984. 

Vogtle et al. have prepared chiral poly(imine) dendrimers of various generations by condensation of non-racemic 5-formyl-4-hydroxy[2.2]paracyclophane moieties with poly(amine) dendrimers [71]. They have found that the optical activity of these dendrimers was nearly constant with increasing generation number. 

Kramer, J. Driessen, W. L. Koch, K. R. Reedijk, J. Highly selective extraction of platinum group metals with silica-based (poly)amine ion exchanges applied to industrial metal refinery effluents. Hydrometallurgy 2002, 64, 59-68. 

In contrast, such approaches have been much more developed with proteins, termed silicateins, that have been extracted from some silicified sponges [38]. The success of these approaches probably originates from the fact that the reactivity of these proteins towards silica precursors differs significantly from the processes occurring in diatoms. Whereas silaffins and poly-amines activate silica formation via electrostatic interactions due to the presence of positively-charged ammonium... 

Several other papers have appeared in the literature describing hyperbranched poly(siloxysilane)s [103], poly(amine)s [104], poly(phenylene sulfidejs [105], polycarbosilanes [106], phenol-formaldehyde resins [107], poly (aryl ether sul-fone)s [108], poly(alkoxysilanes) [109], and poly(lactoside)s [110] but are not further treated in this survey. 

Figure 10.5. Selected examples of TAR binders. From left to right Arginine-kanamycin A conjugate, diphenylfuran derivative, poly amine-acridine conjugate, and chloramphenicol-neomycin B conjugate.

Which would be higher melting (a) a poly amine or (b) a polyester with similar members of methylene groups in the repeat unit ... 

Changes in the Inter- and intramolecular interaction and in the structure of carbanion pairs on adding cation-binding ligands (ethers, crown ethers, poly-amines) is briefly reviewed. 

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