Glucose oxidase, immobilized

Figure 2 Schematic representation of glucose-responsive polymer membrane constituted with polyamine membrane and glucose oxidase immobilized membrane. (From Ref. 20.)...

Tan, X.C.,Tian, Y.X., Cai, P.X. andZou, X.Y. (2005) Glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase immobilized in sol—gel chitosan/silica hybrid composite film on Prussian blue modified glass carbon electrode. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 381, 500-507. 

C. Malitesta, F. Palmisano, L. Torsi, and P. Zambonin, Glucose fast-response amperometric sensor based on glucose oxidase immobilized in an electropolymerized poly(o-phenylenediamine) film. Anal. Chem. 

R. Garjonyte and A. Malinauskas, Amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase immobilized in poly(o-phenylenediamine) layer. Sens. Actuators, B B56, 85-92 (1999). 

S. Milardovic, I. Kruhak, D. Ivekovic, V. Rumenjak, M. Tkalcec, and B.S. Grabaric, Glucose determination in blood samples using flow injection analysis and an amperometric biosensor based on glucose oxidase immobilized on hexacyanoferrate modified nickel electrode. Anal. Chim. Acta 350, 91-96... 

L. Jiang, C.J. McNeil, and J.M. Cooper, Direct electron transfer reaction of glucose oxidase immobilized at a self-assembled monolayer. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1293-1295 (1995). 

S.Q. Liu and H.X. Ju, Reagentless glucose biosensor based on direct electron transfer of glucose oxidase immobilized on colloidal gold modified carbon paste electrode. Biosens. Bioelectron. 19, 177-183 (2003). 

Fig. 15.17 Response of glucose oxidase immobilized in sol gel using MCLW for detection of various concentrations of glucose and calibration curve. Reprinted from Ref. 52 with permission. 2008 Elsevier...

Much effort has been expended for some method of online glucose measurement however, to date there is no real sign of an effective device. Several earlier studies utilized a glucose-permeable membrane with glucose oxidase immobilized and fol-... 

The potentialities offered by chemical processes catalyzed by enzymes immobilized in a polymeric matrix are obvious and are now successfully utilized in various ways [6, 13, 16, 17, 40, 43,44, 50, 58, 61], This idea was introduced into electroanalytical chemistry by Clark and Lyons [9], who proposed a glucose electrode, with glucose oxidase immobilized between cuprophane membranes and with amperometric determination of the hydrogen peroxide formed by the reaction... 

ThechemiluminescentreactionbetweenZ>w(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)oxalate (TCPO) and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of perylene was used by Seitz et al. to develop what is seemingly a prototype for the determination of HjOj based on glucose oxidase immobilized on controlled pore glass... 

Alterations in pH also can be responsible for the increase in solubility of loaded active agents. Glucose oxidase immobilized on sepharose beads were incorporated into ethyl vinyl acetate matrices along with insulin in the solid form. Glucose from blood enters these matrices, gets oxidized to glucuronic acid, and the decrease in pH increases the solubility of insulin, which diffuses out. The insulin in this case was modified by the addition of three extra lysine residues that ensured an isoelectric point of pH 7.4 for the molecule.33... 

Figure 5.1 Electrochemical reaction of glucose with glucose oxidase immobilized on a working electrode. Copyright 2008 Abbott. Used with permission.

Linke B, Kerner W, Kiwit M, Pishko M, Heller A. Amperometric biosensor for in vivo glucose sensing based on glucose oxidase immobilized in a redox hydrogel. Biosensors Bioelectronics 1994, 9, 151-158. 

Figure 11.2 Schematic of GOx-SWNT-based glucose sensor. Glucose oxidase immobilized on the nanotube surface catalyzes the oxidation of glucose. The reaction by-product, hydrogen peroxide, then reacts with the reaction mediator, potassium ferricyanide, adsorbed to the nanotube surface resulting in an increase in SWNT fluorescence. Adapted with permission from Ref. 28.

Vartiainen J, Ratto M, Paulussen S (2005) Antimicrobial activity of glucose oxidase-immobilized plasma-activated polypropylene films. Packag Technol Sci 18 243-251... 

Preparation and Characterization of Active Glucose Oxidase Immobilized to a Plasma-Polymerized Film... 

Jung D, Streb C, Hartmann M (2008) Oxidation of indole using chloroperoxidase and glucose oxidase immobilized on SBA-15 as tandem biocatalyst. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 113 523-529... 

Fig. 9. Photograph of a glucose oxidase-immobilized membrane patterned on jui ion-sensitive FET by the direct photolithographic patterning method enzyme-immobilized membrane (1000 X 200 pm) on right ion-sensitive gate. Left ion-sensitive gate is left blank for comparison.

The micropool injection method was developed by Miyahara et al. (20), and independendy by Kimura and his collaborators (15,16, 43). It was successfully used for a monolithic enzymatically coupled FET, sensitive to urea and glucose, and for the urea-, glucose-, and potassium-sensitive trifunctional FET biosensor (see Section 2.3). The thickness of an enzyme membrane is about 10 pm, and the thickness of an enzyme-immobilized membrane prepared by the ink jet-micropool injection method is 0.1 -1 pm. The lift-off method was developed by Kimura and Kuriyama s group and used for the deposition of a urease- and a glucose oxidase-immobilized membrane (16, 17) (see Fig. 8(3)). The enzyme membrane thickness is similar to the thickness of the film resist layer, about 1 pm thick. 

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