Stress diversity

Booth, I.R. Bacterial responses to osmotic stress diverse mechanisms to achieve a common goal, The properties of water in foods, ISOPOW 6, D.S. Reid, ed., Blackie Academic Professional, London, pp. 456, 1998. 

Redundant devices using different technologies may also decrease common-cause susceptibility if the redundant units respond differently to a common stress. This can be accomplished by designing redundant subsystems using diverse technology. Many think that using "different manufacturers" provides diversity. This is not true if both devices respond similarly to the same stress. Diversity works only if the redundant devices respond differently to a common stress. 

PVDF is used in many diverse industrial applications for products that require high mechanical strength and resistance to severe environmental stresses. 

Such is the diversity of polyester materials that it has to be stressed that their eommon feature is only the ester (—COO—) link and that this often only comprises a small part of the molecule. Nevertheless it may influence the properties of the polymer in the following ways ... 

The diversity of these subcellular actin structures is remarkable and appears to be determined by the interactions of many actin-binding proteins (ABPs) as well as by changes in the concentrations of intracellular signaling molecules such as Ca and cAMP, by small GTP-binding proteins, and by signals arising from mechanical stress. Approximately 50% of the actin molecules in most animal cells are unpolymerized subunits in the cytosolic pool and exist in a state of dynamic equilibrium with labile F-actin filamentous structures (i.e., new structures are formed while existing structures are renewed) (Hall, 1994). 

Hi) Poly amines. In many respects the role of poly amines in plant functioning is still mysterious after many years work. They are almost certainly involved in the control of growth and development through their interactions with nucleic acids and membranes (Smith, 1985). There is increasing circumstantial evidence for their involvement, especially of putrescine, in plant responses to a wide range of stresses including pH, Mg deficiency, osmotic shock, cold, SO2 pollution, and cadmium and ammonium toxicity (Smith, 1985). It remains to be determined, however, how, and indeed whether, putrescine accumulation in response to these diverse stresses is beneficial. 

The diversity of responses to water stress may therefore reflect in part the diversity of signals, from turgor and water content of leaf cells, to root perception of soil water content and strength. 

Ruvolo PP Ceramide regulates cellular homeostasis via diverse stress signaling pathways. Leukemia 2001 15 1153. 

Frost TM, Montz PK, Kratz TK, Badillo T, Brezonik PL, Gonzalez MJ, Rada RG, Watras CJ, Webster KE, Wiener JG, Williamson CE, Morris DP. 1999. Multiple stresses from a single agent diverse responses to the experimental acidification of Little Rock Lake, Wisconsin. Limnol Oceanogr 44(3, part 2) 784-794. 

The po.ssible role of a chelate reductase for iron uptake from microbial siderophores has been examined for several plant species (30,47). With certain microbial siderophores such as rhizoferrin and rhodotorulic acid, the reductase may easily cleave iron from the siderophore to allow subsequent uptake by the ferrous iron transporter. However, with the hydroxamate siderophore, ferrioxamine B, which is produced by actinomycetes and u.sed by diverse bacteria and fungi, it has been shown that the iron stress-regulated reductase is not capable... 

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