Trivalent cation

The heteroscorpionate pyrazolylborate derivative K[H2B(pzf Bu,Me)(pzMe2)] upon reaction with UI3(thf)4, afforded a series of seven-coordinated trivalent complexes of formula U /t, -BpzM " Me (Hpzf"Bu Me)I(p-I)]2 (55). The absence of empty coordination sites provide these complexes with a remarkable stability. Along the same line, the reaction of bis(2-mercapto-2-methylimidazolyl)borates [H(R)B(tim)2 R = H, Ph] with UI3(thf)4 in the presence of Tl(BPh4) in THF gave another rare case of a cationic trivalent uranium complex U[H(R)B-(tim)2]2 (thf)3 (BPh4) (56). 

Unlike alkali-metal or alkaline-earth-metal cations, trivalent lanthanides hydrolyze significantly at this pH. 

The electrodeposition of antimony, Sb, has been reported in both acidic and basic BPCI-AICI3 ionic liquid [28, 29]. Antimony trichloride, SbCl3, is soluble in both acidic and basic ionic liquids. In the case of an acidic ionic liquid, a cationic trivalent antimony species, SbClJ, is formed and can be reduced to the metallic state ... 

In addition to divalent metal cations, trivalent and tetravalent cations (i.e. ln +, Ga +, Sb +, and Sn +) were also effective as linking agents to organize [Ge4Sio]" clusters to form hexagonally ordered mesostractures. In this case, cetylpyridinium bromide was nsed as the surfactant, and formamide served as the solvent. The mesophases made with Ga + and Sb + showed intense visible photoluminescence at77K. 

The notation is easily extended for compounds containing more elements by the addition of the chemical symbols in the corresponding category (divalent metallic cations, trivalent metallic cations, and anions), bearing as a subscript their relative proportions. We give the example of honessite ... 

Triple orthovanadates containing a divalent cation, trivalent rare earth, and tetravalent thorium or cerium, have been studied by Nabar et al. (1981 and 1983). The samples were prepared by mixing soluble compounds of the corresponding elements in water, evaporating the solution and heating at SOO C. The compounds MRTh(V04)3, where M = Ca, Cd, crystallize with the tetragonal zircon structure and those where M = Ba with the monoclinic monazite structure. Strontium and lead compounds show dimorphism (Nabar and Mhatre, 1982). 

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