Poly 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propylene

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes, on the other hand, have much better chemical and thermal stabilities than PSSA, but is not a proton conducting polymer. A composite membrane of polyvinylidene fluoride -hexafluoropropyl ene (PVDF-HFP) with sulfonated silica was prepared [485] with proton conductivity up to 40 mS.cm and good relative selectivity (fi, >3), which delivers 43 mW.cm in a DMFC at 80 °C. However, the most studied PVDF composites membranes, are those prepared with PSSA [486—488], poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl propylene sulfonic acid) (PAMPS) [489]. 

Shen J, Xi J, Zhu W, Chen L, Qiu X (2006) A nanocomposite proton exchange membrane based on PVDF, poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl propylene sulfonic acid), and nano-Al203 for direct methanol fuel cells. J Power Sources 159 894—899... 

The acid-base Nafion composite membranes include blends of Nafion with polypyrrole (PPy) [98-104], polybenzimidazole (PBI) [105-107], poly (propyleneoxide) (PPO) [108, 109], polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) [110], poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [111-115], sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde (sPF) [116], polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) [117-122], poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) [123], poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) [124] polyanifine (PANI) [125-128], polyethylene (PE) [129], poly(ethylene-terephtalate) [130], sulfated p-cyclodextrin (sCD) [131], sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (sPEEK) [132-135], sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone) (sPAEK) [136], poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES) [137], poly(vinylimidazole) (PVl) [138], poly(vinyl pyridine) (PVPy) [139], poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) [140-142], poly(fluorinated ethylene-propylene) [143], sulfonated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (sPOSS) [144], poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDT) [145, 146], polyrotaxanes (PR) [147], purple membrane [148], sulfonated polystyrene (PSSA) [149, 150], polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-bpolystyrene (SEES) [151], poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulphonic acid-co-l,6-hexanediol propoxylate diacrylate-co-ethyl methacrylate) (AMPS) [152], and chitosan [31]. A binary PVA/chitosan [153] and a ternary Nafion composite with PVA, polyimide (PI) and 8-trimethoxy silylpropyl glycerin ether-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic acid (TSPS) has also been reported [154]. 

Sodium-2-acrylamido-2-2-methylpropane sulfonate Sodium styrenesulfonate N-isopropylacrylamide Poly(oxyethylated alkylphenyl ether) Octyldecyltrimethylammonium chloride Propylene carbonate Poly(methyl methacrylate)... 

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