Pollution sources regulatory control

The water pollution debate was renewed in 1940, and in that year the effort to enact a national system of environmental controls reached a high-water mark that would not be revisited until the 1970s. A revised version of the Barkley bill, with the objectionable budgeting clauses excised, first passed the Senate. In the House, an amendment adding federal regulatory authority over new pollution sources was offered. Roosevelt altered course to endorse regulation, and the amendment was adopted. But in conference committee the House and Senate each insisted on its own position, and the bill died.17... 

Ventilation Ventilation systems have served as the primary and supplementary sources of control for reducing miners imderground exposures to toxic air pollutants. Dilution ventilation supplemented with other types of controls should be used to reduce exposure to diesel emissions. As a minimum, ventilation rates must meet statutory and regulatory requirements for imderground mines. 

However, incompatible pollutants removed by pretreatment still require ultimate disposition. The sludge produced by pretreatment operations may be a source for by-product recovery or recycle but when this is not economically or technically feasible, disposal of the sludge is necessary. Although the sludges produced by industrial pretreatment may not technically be under municipal regulatory control, their impact on other environmental areas should be noted. 

The management of wastes from rehneries includes in-plant source control, pretreatment, and end-of-pipe treatment. In-plant source control reduces the overall pollutant load that must be treated in an end-of-pipe treatment system. Pretreatment reduces or eliminates a particular pollutant before it is diluted in the main wastewater stream, and may provide an opportunity for material recovery. End-of-pipe treatment is the hnal stage for meeting regulatory discharge requirements and protection of stream water quality. These techniques are discussed in more detail in the following sections. 

The general provisions of the MACT standards are contained in CAA regulations (40 CFR 63 Subpart A). Sources of hazardous air pollutants are required to demonstrate compliance with emission limitations by conducting a comprehensive performance test (CPT). If compliance is demonstrated, the facility s management files a notice of compliance (NOC) with the state regulatory body. Sources can use any combination of control technologies to achieve the emission standards. 

A central problem in the control of particulate air pollution is. source apportionment— that is, relating air-quality parameters such as mass and visibility reduction to the separate components of the atmospheric aerosol. Systematic methods for source apportionment of the aerosol mass and light extinction have been developed and are used routinely by state and federal regulatory agencies. They are discussed in the sections that follow. 

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