Platelet count adhesive

Platelets PF-4, p-TG, thromboxane B2 Platelet activation markers Platelet microparticles Gamma imaging of radiolabeled platelets, ln-labeled platelet survival Platelet function analysis Platelet count/adhesion Platelet aggregation... 

VI. Vaughan Jones, R., Ingram, G. I. C., and McClure, P. D., Further studies upon the effect of adrenaline on factor VIII levels and also on platelet count and adhesiveness. Proc. 9th Congr. Eur. Soc. Haematol., Lisbon, 1963, published in Quadem. Coagulaz. No. 11 (1965). 

Statistical Analysis. All data for a particular donor were normalized with respect to the hydrophobic glass at 3 min of platelet-poor plasma exposure for that donor, that is, platelet adhesion at 3 min of platelet-poor plasma exposure to hydro-phobic glass was 100%. A one-way analysis of variance was performed, using each material and time of platelet-poor plasma exposure as a variable. For each material and time, the normalized platelet counts for all the donors were summed, and Scheffe s multiple comparisons were performed. For the difference between the two SBS morphologies, a student s t test was used. Data are presented as the mean of the normalized average from each donor and the pooled standard deviation. 

Platelet Adhesion. Venous blood from healthy human volunteers, who did not receive any agents which affect platelet function, was collected with a vacuum syringe containing 5 % citric acid. The blood was centrifuged at 800 rpm for 10 min at 25 C, and the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was withdrawn with a polyethylene pipette and placed in clean vials at room temperature. A portion of PRP was diluted by adding PBS and centrifuged at 1800 rpm for 10 min to prepare platelet pellets. The residue of the blood was further centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 10 min to obtain platelet-poor plasma (PPP). The platelet count was determined with Coulter Counter (Type 4) and adjusted to have 150,000 platelets in 1... 

Plasma-free platelet solution (washed platelet, WP) and PRP were prepared by adding the platelet pellets to PBS and PPP, respectively. 0,6 ml of WP or PRP was placed on each of the hydrogel films of 1.8 cm in a vial and allowed to stand for 1 hr at 37 °C. Then, the films were vigorously washed with PBS and put into 2 ml of 0.1 M phosphate buffer (PB) containing 0.5 % Triton-XlOO to lyse the adhered platelets. Lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) activity of the lysate was determined with an enzymatic method to count the adhered platelets with the use of a calibration curve of platelet counts(Tamada,Y., Kyoto University, Doctor Thesis, 1989.). To confirm the reproducibility, the platelet adhesion experiment was repeated five times for the same film. A Silastic film, donated by Dow Corning Cor., Ltd., Midland, USA, was used as a reference material. 

The embolic agents most commonly used for splenic ablation are Gelfoam pledgets and polyvinyl alcohol particles. Yoshioka et al. [105] also showed excellent increases in platelet counts when coils were placed within the intrasplenic branches, and Hickman et al. [108] successfully used Gel-foam, polyvinyl alcohol particles, and coils alone or in combination for preoperative embolization. In animal studies, additional materials that have been used for this purpose are absolute ethanol [121,122], microfibrillar collagen [123], tissue adhesives [124], balloon catheters [125], silicone particles [126], and... 

Other Blood Cells. In their study of blood cells in cheek-pouch venules Atherton and Bom (1973) found that neuraminidase treatment caused near complete adhesion of the granulocytes to the vascular endothelium, but addition of A -acetylneuraminic acid had no effect, thus establishing a clear difference between the adhesion of platelets and that of granulocytes. Increase of sialic acid concentration in the plasma by neuraminidase treatment or addition of V-acetylneuraminic acid increased the time of the first appearance of thrombi in cheek-pouch venules, but neither neuraminidase nor V-acetylneuraminic acid modified the platelet count (Atherton and Born, 1973). 

The platelets, at four random fields, were counted visually on a Zeiss Ultraphot II microscope using reflected light and Nomarski optics at a magnification of 1280 X and a field of view of 7542 pan2. At least four samples of each polymer were tested for each experiment, and each experiment was repeated at least once with a different donor. For the glasses, at least 1-2 samples were tested per experiment. Conversion was expressed as the percentage difference between platelet adhesion at 3 s and 3 min of platelet-poor plasma exposure with respect to the 3-s platelet-poor plasma exposure. 

To assess the platelet adhesion to the differently primed samples of silicone rubber, they were prepared for viewing with the scanning electron microscope, and counts of the adhering platelets were made at different positions along the length of the tubes. It was found that the variation with position was small and the average for all positions was taken in each tube. The results for the differently primed tubes are shown by the second column in Table 1. Before discussing these results, we consider the exposure of the differently primed samples of silicone rubber to blood. 

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