Plasma centrifuges

A plasma centrifugal furnace uses thermal heat transferred from arc plasma to create a molten bath that detoxifies the feed material. Organic contaminants are vaporized at temperatures of 2000 to 2500°F (1093 to 1371°C) to form innocuous products. Solids melt and are vitrified in the molten bath at 2800 to 3000°F (1540 to 1650°C). Metals are retained in this phase, which is a nonleachable, glassy residue. This method is applicable to soils contaminated with organic compounds and metals. 

This motion of a charged particle is usually referred to as the drift in crossed electric and magnetic fields. Direction and velocity of the drift are the same for electrons and ions. Thus, the entire plasma can move as a whole with the drift velocity as a whole, which is applied in plasma centrifuges. 

Plasma Rotation in Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields, Plasma Centrifuge. 

Describe plasma motion in the electric field E(r) created by a long charged cylinder and uniform magnetic field B parallel to the cylinder. Find out the maximum operational pressure of the plasma centrifuge. Is it necessary or not to trap ions in the magnetic field to provide the plasma rotation ... 

The maximum gas rotation velocity v a is referred to as the Alfven velocity for plasma centrifuges. The rotation velocities in plasma centrifuges reach 2-3 10 cm/s in the case of light atoms, which exceed those of mechanical centrifuges by about 50-fold. The fast gas rotation in a plasma centrifuge can be applied for the separation of isotopes with small differences in atomic masses - M2) ... 

Plasma arc treatment. The spent fuel is placed directly into a plasma centrifugal furnace with depleted uranium and neutron absorbers, where it is melted and converted into a HLW glass waste form. 

Plasma Centrifuge heparinized blood immediately and keep supernatant plasma (at least 1 ml) frozen until... 

Sample preparation Plasma. Mix 3 mL MeCN with 1.5 mL plasma, centrifuge, evaporate the supernatant to dryness under a stream of nitrogen, reconstitute the residue with 200 rL MeCN water 10 90, inject an aliquot. Urine. Lyophilize urine, reconstitute with MeCN water 10 90 to one-tenth original volume, vortex. Alter (0.45 xm), inject an aliquot. 

Sample preparation Condition a Sep-Pak Plus CIS SPE cartridge with MeCN and water. Acidify 1 mL plasma with 50 aL 43% phosphoric acid. Add 70 ixL 6 M HCl to 260 p.L acidified plasma, centrifuge, remove the supernatant, wash the pellet three times with 250 xL portions of 10 mM HCl. Combine the supernatant and the washings and adjust the pH to 6.0 with 80 jxL 5 M NaOH, add to the SPE cartridge, wash with 5 mL water, wash with 1 mL hexane, elute with 7.5 ml. MeCN. Evaporate the eluate to dr5mess under a stream of argon, reconstitute the residue with 130 (jlL mobile phase EtOH MeOH isopropanol 90 5 5, inject a 50 xL aliquot. 

Sample preparation Vortex 100 aL MeOHiwater 80 20 and 400 ixL trichloroacetic acid solution with 500 aL plasma, centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 4 min, filter (Spin-X) the supernatant. Mix the filtrate with an equal quantity of water and inject a 30 iL ahquot. (Prepare trichloroacetic acid solution as follows. Dissolve 85 g trichloroacetic acid in 15 mlj water. Store this solution in the refi"igerator. Dilute 150 aL of this solution with 100 ml. acetone.)... 

Sample preparation Add 150 tiL water and 300 tiL IS in MeCN to 100 p,L plasma, centrifuge, add 450 tiL of the supernatant to a conditioned (unspecified) Advanced Automated Sample Processor C8 SPE cartridge containing 0.5 mL water ( ), wash with 500 p,L MeCN water 25 75, elute the contents directly onto column A in series with column B using mobile phase, remove column A from the circuit, continue to elute column B with mobile phase, monitor the effluent from column B. 

Blood is composed of a cellular portion, the formed elements, suspended in plasma. The formed elements constitute approximately 40—45% of the blood volume, ie, the hematocrit. When a test tube with blood is centrifuged, the formed elements are packed onto the bottom of the tube, leaving plasma on top... 

Packed red cells are prepared from whole blood. These are collected ia blood coUectioa units having integrally attached transfer packs. The red cells are sedimented by centrifugation, and the plasma and huffy coat are expressed from the bag. Further processiag of the packed red cells may be needed for a number of clinical indications. To reduce the white blood cell (WBC) contamination in a red cell product, two separation techniques are used. 

Fig. 5. Separation in Latham bowl (a) whole blood is pumped down the feed tube and enters bowl at bottom (b) centrifugal force spins denser cellular components outside, leaving plasma or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in inner band (c) when bowl is full, plasma flows out effluent tube, followed by platelets and then leukocytes, until bowl is almost completely full of ted cells (d) after draw is completed, bowl stops spinning and uncoUected components are...

For plasminogen-deficient fibrinogen from blood plasma, the anticoagulated blood was centrifuged and the plasma was frozen and washed with saline solution. Treated with charcoal and freeze-thawed. Dialysed versus Tris/NaCl buffer. [Maxwell and Nikel Biochem Prep 12 16 1968.]... 

Cost information About 100 per ml kit. < 10/patient use with appropriate preexisting instrumentation and equipment. 100-150 per 1 ml kit. Requires centrifuge to obtain autologous plasma. 120 per ml kit. 

LC-MS with on-line SPE using a RAM pre-column with an internal ODS phase was described by van der Hoeven et al. (95) for the analysis of cortisol and prednisolone in plasma, and arachidonic acid in urine. The samples were injected directly and the only off-line pretreatment required was centrifugation. By using the on-line SPE-LC-MS system, cortisol and related compounds could be totally recovered and quantified in 100 p.1 plasma within 5 min with a typical detection of 2 ng/ml (Figure 11.6(b)). The RAM-type of sorbents, in which the outer surface of the particles is covered with aj-acid glycoprotein, also appear to be useful for direct SPE of... 

Centrifugal fields Ultrasound Solar energy Microwaves Electric fields Plasma technology... 

After the tube has been sealed, it is brought to the laboratory and centrifuged. Usually, it is then cut by means of a file or an ampoule file at the interface, between the plasma and the cells. In Figure 10, the operator has just cut and broken the capillary above the plasma. Some prefer to do this first before cutting at the interface between the plasma and cells in order to remove any adhering blood particularly at the narrow tip of the capillary. 

Plasma Add cold acetonitrile, centrifuge, separate supernatant, fractionate by reverse-phase HPLC and TLC GC/MS and PNMR No data No data Weiss etal. 1994... 

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