Plant protection chemical

Short-chain acids accumulate.under anoxic conditions/-which favor fermentative metabolism of bacteria. Such phytotoxins nay damage the plant directly or predispose plants to infection by pathogens. However plant residues nay also be used as substrates for beneficial micro-organisms to produce plant nutrients, soil conditioners, and plant protection chemicals. There is scope to promote the beneficial microbial effects against the harmful by soil management and by inoculation. 

The recent advances in identifying and utilizing allelochemlcs Involved in host-plant resistance has drawn the attention of the pesticide Industry. A potential problem that may not be recognized, is the effect on insects if analogs of plant protective chemicals are sprayed on agricultural crops. Insects treated with such analogs, could rapidly become tolerant not only to the analog, but also to the natural allelochemlc. 

Most of the commercial fluorine-containing plant protection chemicals exhibit, contrary to public opinion, a very low acute oral toxicity, as is summarized in Table 26. 

The repellant nature of the alarm pheromones makes them an attractive resource for the development of plant protection chemicals. Synthetic optimization efforts resulted in the preparation of several active analogs (77-70). However, the analogs were significantly less active than the natural pheromones and field trials were not attempted. 

Principles for Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) should be developed which specifically aim at reducing the dependency of agriculture on plant protection chemicals. This may be facilitated by establishing an EU-supported GAP research facility . Least-harmful plant protection practices should be developed and promoted wherever feasible and practicable. 

Pesticides are applied to control pests and plant diseases. Pesticides used in agriculture to protect living plants and freshly harvested crops are called plant protection chemicals. When pesticides are used to protect stored food, processed goods, public hygiene, and dead objects, they are called biocides. Pesticides are divided into subgroups named after the pest they fight (Table 11.1). Examples discussed in this book are... 

Nitrogen-containing compounds are frequently used as plant-protecting chemicals. Appropriate tests with [39]-[41] in this direction, however, were negative. 

Production of anthranilic acid in Western Europe in 1985 amounted to around 8,000 tpa it is mainly used in the production of plant protection chemicals such as bentazone (BASF), which is obtained by the reaction of anthranilic acid with isopropylamine and subsequent sulfonation with SO3 and ring closure with POCI3. 

Uses Emulsifier and solubilizer for essential oils, waxes, etc. emulsifier for plant protection chemicals Properties Liq. HLB 13.0 100% cone. 

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