Plant hazard analysis quantitative process

Potential emergency situations may initially be identified by a properly performed Process Hazards Analysis (PHA). Other sources of potential events include incident reports as well as user or plant experience with similar processes or equipment at your plant or other plants. Various CCPS Guidelines contain additional information on process hazards analysis and quantitative risk analysis. ... 

Hazard Analysis. Recognizing that no plant can be perfectly safe, modem safety engineering has turned to techniques for the formal or quantitative assessment of risk [58]. Many techniques for formal analysis now exist [59,60]. They differ widely in scope and intention, and the Center for Chemical Process Safety [59] tabulates for each of them ... 

The Chemical Process Industry (CPI) uses various quantitative and qualitative techniques to assess the reliability and risk of process equipment, process systems, and chemical manufacturing operations. These techniques identify the interactions of equipment, systems, and persons that have potentially undesirable consequences. In the case of reliability analyses, the undesirable consequences (e.g., plant shutdown, excessive downtime, or production of off-specification product) are those incidents which reduce system profitability through loss of production and increased maintenance costs. In the case of risk analyses, the primary concerns are human injuries, environmental impacts, and system damage caused by occurrence of fires, explosions, toxic material releases, and related hazards. Quantification of risk in terms of the severity of the consequences and the likelihood of occurrence provides the manager of the system with an important decisionmaking tool. By using the results of a quantitative risk analysis, we are better able to answer such questions as, Which of several candidate systems poses the least risk Are risk reduction modifications necessary and What modifications would be most effective in reducing risk ... 

This chapter provides general information for performing qualitative or quantitative risk assessments on buildings in process plants. For detailed guidance on risk assessment techniques, the user is referred to other CCPS books on this subject, including Reference 3, Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures, Second Edition, and Reference 4, Guidelines for Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis. 

It is difficult to identify all of the possible events and their consequences in a complex chemical processing plant without the application of systematic procedures and proper management techniques. Several hazard evaluation procedures have been developed. Most of these procedures are described in other AIChE/CCPS publications such as Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures [2,3] and Guidelinesfor Quantitative Risk Analysis [4]. Other publications on hazard evaluation techniques include [246,247]. 

Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) has been in existence for many years particularly in the nuclear industry. Nowadays, QRA is widely used in aerospace, chemical process industries, petrochemical and manufacturing plants even if its detailed application can result very troublesome, time-consuming and expensive. In order to perform a quantitative risk analysis, reliability data are needed. These data have to reflect not only the design features of the employed components, but also the working environment and the adopted maintenance policy. Anyway, in major hazard plants, available reliability data are few and not well documented. As a consequence, the common way of proceeding is to make reference to similar systems/plants or to... 

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