Plant hazard analysis purpose

The purpose of hazard analysis and risk assessment ia the chemical process industry is to (/) characterize the hazards associated with a chemical facihty (2) determine how these hazards can result in an accident, and (J) determine the risk, ie, the probabiUty and the consequence of these hazards. The complete procedure is shown in Figure 1 (see also Industrial hygiene Plant safety). 

A full-scale Design Project would include an operability study followed by appropriate hazard analysis. For the purposes of this examination, candidates are only required to make recommendations to minimize environmental pollution during operation of the plant. 

The purpose of a facility hazard analysis is to identify and evaluate hazards and make recommendations for the elimination and control of hazards. The major safety concerns that facility managers should address are loss of life or serious injury to personnel, reportable (to the Enviromnental Protection Agency and/or state and local agencies) hazardous materials discharge to the environment, serious damage to facilities or equipment resulting in large dollar loss, and hazards that could have serious adverse effects on the plant or company mission capability, operability, or public opinion. 

The U.S. Army s chemical agent disposal facilities, like many industrial facilities, produce wastes in the course of plant operations. For the purposes of this report, secondary waste is defined as any waste associated with the storage or destruction of chemical agent. Like other industrial waste, these wastes are either hazardous or nonhazardous. A particular waste is classified into one or the other of these categories by either laboratory analysis or generator knowledge of material source, use, and exposure (Box 1-1). The wastes discussed in this report are called secondary wastes to distinguish them from the chemical munitions that are... 

In contrast to any other external hazard, a seismic event affects all the components of the plant at the same time. If the magnitude of the seismic event is sufficient, it could cause disruption and failures of components and buildings over the entire site. For the purposes of the seismic fault analysis, seismic events are described in terms of ground acceleration at an assumed rock outcrop. A seismic motion affecting any system, structure and component (SSC) is dependent on the properties of soil between the bedrock and the building and the response of the building structure to these motions. 

Description of QRA analysis case study A hazard and operability study was used to identify hazardous scenarios arising from the process. These were qualitatively assessed and a risk ranking was established. With knowledge of the operational procedures and intended layout of the plant, the key potential accidents identified in the HAZOP have been rationalised for the purposes of the case study to ... 

Initiating events (ie, events that create a disturbance in the plant that has the potential to lead to core damage, depending on the successful operation of required mitigating systems in the plant)—the hazard and operabifity (HAZOP) and/or Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) approaches (well known in industry) seem well suited for this purpose. 

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