Piping spool

There is one word that should be repeated over and over cleanliness. As each piping spool is brought in for connections, it should be checked for cleanliness. Any dirt removed prior to connection to the system will not have to be removed in the flushing procedure. 

Compressor piping should be sized in the normal manner, and the pressure drop taken through an orifice plate or a short pipe spool placed on the inlet end of the suction bottles or on the outlet end of the discharge bottles. 

Pickling baths Stirrer vessels Filter vessels Slurry tanks Ion exchangers Pipe spools. 

Repair Activity to a Piping Spool Result in a Massive Leak from a Sphere... 

The prefabricated piping spool was not exactly the right size, so it was being removed and returned to the workshop to make it useful. Before returning to the shop with the ill-fitting spool, the fitter and two assistants decided to move the old pipe further away. Somehow, the hanging actuator suddenly dragged the valve handle to the open position. 

It is ironic the piping spool was being replaced to avoid the possibility of a leak and yet the proactive maintenance attempt resulted in the escape of 670 tons of a flashing flammable material. 

Figure 10.35 Photograph of the cracked lined-pipe spool. (Courtesy DuPont Fluoroproducts.)...

In Figure 7-86c, two 2-1/2-inch pipe elbows are installed together with a pipe spool piece at the lower end to increase its len h for the installation of a thermowell with a thermobulb. The other elbow adapter holds a dial thermometer in a 6-inch long thermowell. In Figure 7-86d, a single 2-1/2-inch pipe elbow is installed with suitable pipe reducers to fit the small size process line. The 1-inch elbow adapter holds a 6-inch-long well with a thermocouple (T/C). The T/C head is connected with an electrical conduit that carries the circuit to the temperature recorder on the control panel. 

In Figure 7-99 the 2-1/2-inch welding pipe elbows are used for swaging-up a section of the piping. This applies to 3/4-inch to 2-inch process line thermowells. By installing a pipe spool piece between the pipe elbows and welding 1-inch elbow adapters on both elbows, two temperature instruments can be handled for the same service. 

Remove control valve. Replace by a pipe spool... 

Any control or trip valves should be removed and replaced by pipe spools prior to line blowing. 

Computed stresses obtained for different winding patterns and wall thicknesses appear in Table III. A number of GRE pipe spools 20.3 cm (8 in.) in inner diameter by 3 m (10 ft) long were manufactured in the course of the pipe development program. Several pipe spools were instrumented to permit strain and temperature measurements during cooldown and pressurization. The winding pattern shown to provide the best structural behavior was o-xx-o-xx- -xx. 

Repair activity to a piping spool results in a massive leak from a sphere... 

An example of need to re-examine the requirements is illustrated in the conduct of a Level 1" fire endurance test. In this test, a pipe spool is placed inside a furnace with no fluid inside (other than N2 gas at 0.7 bar) and subjected to a hydrocarbon fire temperature curve ranging from 945°C after 5 minutes up to 1100°C after a period of 60 minutes. This exposure would exceed the structural strength of steel and is extremely more severe than any plastic pipe could endure without significant amounts of passive fire protection. The purpose of this test is to assure that there would be no loss of integrity (that) may cause outflow of flammable fluid and worsen the fire situation. ... 

A physical break involves removing a connection in such a way that no infiltration can occur across the resulting space. Removal of a pipe spool is a good way to ensure this, but the spool has what is sometimes the disadvantage of adding one or two connections in a piping system. With very large cormec-... 

Electronic spooling is the term used for automatically generating spool sheets, complete with bills of material (BOM), for pipe spool fabrication. Pipe fabrication shops have traditionally hand drafted these sheets using isometrics as a reference, but are now developing computer programs to interface with contractors isometric data files directly. 

Since the flow in a vertical pipe is pseudohomogeneous, a simple instrument to measure flow rate of slurry is the inverted U column, which consists of 4 elbows and 2 vertical pipe spools (Figure 4-17). The first vertical branch must be sufficiently high to eliminate entrance effects (previously discussed in Chapter 2). Toward the top of the pipe, a pressure tap measures the static pressure. Pressure loss occurs through the two elbows. Another pressure tap is added on the downward section of the pipe. The inverted U column is calibrated on water and the pressure loss is a function of the flow rate as well as the density of the slurry ... 

Obtain spades, blanks, strainers, vent valves, bolts, nuts, gaskers and fabricate pipe spools ... 

The piping spools should be cleaned prior to exposure and may also be weighed, where the measurement of weight loss is considered practical. If weight loss is to be determined, then the spools must be protected from external corrosion or mechanical damage while in service. 

This comprises the measurement of the changes in an applied electric field within a pipe spool, caused by the loss of material from the inner wall due to internal corrosion. Field signature methods are commercially available. 

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