Pipeline services

At the beginning of 1992, the largest Hquids pipelines in the United States, based on pipeline length, were Amoco Pipeline Co., 19,096 km Mobil Pipe Line Co., 15,026 km Exxon Pipeline Co., 14,983 km and Conoco Pipe Line Co., 12,980 km. Distances do not include 1316 km of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline with multiple ownership. In both 1991 and 1992, the product pipeline company with the most product deHveries was Colonial Pipeline with 104,990,000 m, more than double the amount deHvered by Santa Ee Pacific Pipelines, Inc. The top pipeline in terms of cmde oil deHveries was the Alyeska Pipeline Service Co., operator of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System, with movement of 105,735,000 m (3). 

Technical data. The TransMlaska Pipeline, Alyeska Pipeline Service Co., Anchorage, Alaska, 1992. 

NACE Publication 1F166 Sulfide Cracking-Resistant Metallic Materials for Valves for Production and Pipeline Service," Materials Protection, Sept. 1966. 

The rod drop monitor is recommended for all non-lubricated compressor applications, because there is no lubricant to act as a buffer to prevent piston-to-cylinder contact on the loss of the wear band. Lubricated com pressors handling gases with traces of water or gas components that can degrade the local lubricant are candidates. Hydrogen compressors should be considered for monitors because hydrogen is a difficult gas in it sc It and may contain trace quantities of water. While sweet gas compressor-, as are found in pipeline service, would normally not be considered a problem, the rod drop monitor may be used to signal a loss of lubricant anti the compressor can be shutdown before damage can occur. 

A5. T. Ishiguro, K. Kimura, T. Hatakeyama, T. Tahara and K. Kawano, Effect Metallurgical Factors on Hydrogen Attack Resistance in C-0.5Mo, presented at the Second International Conference on Interaction with Hydrogen in Petroleum Industry Pressure Vessel and Pipeline Service, The Materials Properties Council, Inc., Vienna, Austria, October 19-21,1994. 

Hydride Compressors using reversible metal hydride alloys offer an economical alternative to traditional mechanical compressors for GH2. The simplicity and passive operation of the hydride compression process offers many advantages over mechanical compressors. Hydride compressors are compact, silent, do not have dynamic seals, require very little maintenance, and can operate unattended for long periods. However, they are a very new and may be difficult to be built at the scale required for GH2 transmission pipeline service. 

API Standard No. 600 covers flanged and welding ends, steel-wedge gate and plug valves, valves for refinery use. API Standard 6D covers steel gate, plug and check valves for pipeline service. 

In EPA V. Alyeska Pipeline Service Co., the Court held that 9 does not require the EPA to invoke other statutes to investigate potential problems that may fall within TSCA s scope, and a subpoena under TSCA is appropriate for that purpose. 

StrongBack composite repairs (Integ Pipeline Services, 2006). 

A typical ClockSpring pipe repair (Tecma Pipeline Services, 2009). 

Alderman, N.J. Heywood, N.l. (1996), The design, selection and application of valves for sluny pipeline service, Pruc. Hydrotransport 13, Johannesburg, South Africa, 3-5 September. 

Cayard, M. S., Kane, R. D., Horvath, R. J., Prager, M., 1994, Large-Scale Wet H2S Performance Evaluation of Mechanical, Metallurgical and Welding Variables, Second International Conference on Interaction of Steels with Hydrogen in Petroleum Industry Pressure Vessel and Pipeline Service, Vierma, Austria, October. 

An obvious disadvantage of a permanent strainer of the types just described is the need to shut down the plant flow so that they may be cleaned. Where continuous operation is required in a pipeline service, duplex strainers can be used in an integral unit with the provision to isolate one element at a time for cleaning, or even having multiple strainers in one unit (as shown in Figure 3.6). Individual strainer elements or baskets are then made accessible via cover plates with static seals (usually 0-rings). 

Fawley, N.C., March 1994. Development of fiberglass composite systems for natural gas pipeline service. In Final Report GRI-94/0072. 

Fawley, N.C., 1994. Development of Fibreglass Composite Systems for Natural Gas Pipeline Service. Report Prepared for Gas Research Institute, GRI-95/0072, March. 

---