Pink Bismuth

OTC Colo-Fresh, Devrom, Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol, Pink Bismuth Combinations... 

Trade names Bismatrol Bismuth subcitrate Bismuth subgallate (colostomy deodorant) Bismuth subnitrate and Bismuth idoform paraffin paste (BIPP) Bismuth sucralfate Caved-S Colo-Fresh De-Nol Devrom Diotame Helidac (Prometheus) Pepto-Bismol (Procter Gamble) Pink Bismuth... 

Pink Bismuth bismuth Ponstan mefenamic acid... 

The element bismuth [7440-69-9] Bi, found ia Group 15 (VA) of the Periodic Table, has at no. 83, at wt 208.98. Its valences are +5 and +3. Bismuth is a silvery metal having a high metallic luster and exhibits a slightly pink tinge on a cleanly broken surface. The metal itself is britde ia nature and easily broken. 

HaO). Quinine salicylate, 2[B. CgH4(OH)(COOH)]. HaO, forms colourless needles, m.p. 187° (dec.), which slowly become pink in air. It is soluble in water (1 in 77 at 25°), alcohol (1 in 11 at 25°), or chloroform (1 in 37 at 25°). The foregoing are the most important quinine salts used in medicine, but many other salts have been used, e.g., the tannate, formate, valerate, ethylcarbonate, lactate, cacodylate, etc., as well as double salts such as quinine bismuth iodide. Descriptions of many of these salts will be found in the British Pharmaceutical Codex for 1934. 

Helidac—Each dose includes four tablets two round, chewable pink tablets (bismuth), one white... 

When an alkali perarsenate is added to aqueous solutions of metallic salts, precipitates containing active oxygen are obtained thus salts of the alkaline earths, zinc, cadmium, silver, mercurous mercury, lead and bismuth yield white precipitates, mercuric salts give red precipitates, copper blue, manganese pink, nickel greenish-white and ferrous salts bluish-green. With auric chloride oxygen is liberated, and with ferric chloride feme hydroxide is precipitated. 

E. P. Alvarez 2 found that the pemitrates react with soln. of lead acetate (white precipitate), silver nitrate (white precipitate), mercurous nitrate (white precipitate with rapid decomposition), mercuric chloride (red precipitate), copper sulphate (blue precipitate), zinc and cadmium sulphates (white precipitate), bismuth nitrate (white precipitate), gold chloride (slight effervescence and escape of oxygen), manganous chloride (pink precipitate), nickelous chloride or sulphate (greenish-white precipitate), cobaltous nitrate and chloride (pink precipitate), ferrous sulphate (green or bluish-green precipitate), ferric chloride (red ferric hydroxide), and alkaline earth chlorides (white precipitates). The precipitates are all per-salts of the bases in question. 

Pepto- Bismol bismuth subsalicylate calcium carbonate pink solid or solution may cause stomach upset if taken in excess of recommended dose relieves digestive difficulties by coating the digestive tract and reducing acidity... 

Xylenol Orange (formula 4.19) forms with bismuth ions, in acid medium, a water-soluble pink complex, which is a basis for determining Bi [21-25]. Maximum colour intensity of the complex is obtained in 0.05-0.1 M H2SO4 or 0.08-0.12 M HNO3. 

Bismuth is a shiny, gray solid that has a pink cast to it. It is one of the least conductive metals on the periodic table and is also brittle. 

Originally named Mixture Cholera Infantum, the popular pink medicine now used for upset stomachs was created to combat cholera. This mixture, whose active ingredient was bismuth subsalicylate (CyH56104), proved effective in treating the nausea and vomiting associated with infant cholera. However, it could not cure the disease itself Nonetheless, the product became a wide success. As science advanced and doctors realized that cholera was contracted from bacteria (which could be treated with antibiotics), bismuth subsalicylate found its way into medical treatments for a variety of other stomach problems, including heartburn, indigestion, and ulcers. 

Figure 22-1 A plot of the number of neutrons, A/, versus the number of protons,Z, in nuclei.The stable nuclei (green dots) are located in an area known as the band of stability. All other nuclei in the white, pink, and blue regions are unstable and radioactive. No nuclei exist in the large gray shaded region. Most unstable, radioactive nuclei occur outside the band of stability. As atomic number increases, the N/Z ratio of the stable nuclei increases. Unstable nuclei above the band of stability are referred to as neutron-rich nuclei (Woe shad/ng) those below the band of stability are called neutron-poor nuclei (pinkshading). Unstable (radioactive) nuclei decay by alpha emission, beta emission, positron emission, or electron capture. Lighter neutron-poor nuclei usually decay by positron emission or electron capture, either of which converts a proton into a neutron. Heavier neutron-poor nuclei usually decay by alpha emission, which decreases the neutron/proton ratio. Neutron-rich nuclei decay by beta emission, which transforms a neutron into a proton. Decay by alpha emission is by far the most predominant mode of decay for nuclei with atomic numbers beyond 83 (bismuth).

Thiamine gives a number of colour reactions. With diazotized sulfanihc acid and formaldehyde a pink colour is produced with diazotized />-amino-acetophenone a red-purple colour. Potassium bismuth iodide gives an orange-red precipitate. Coloured precipitates are also obtained with picrolonic acid, gold chloride, mercuric chloride and iodine. Thiamine is further precipitated by picric acid and a variety of alkaloidal reagents. 

Small amounts of thiamine and its derivatives can be satisfactorily separated by chromatography on paper. Location of the spots by applying the thiochrome procedure to the paper permits detection of 5 m g of thiamine. Naiman s potassium bismuth iodide reagent is less sensitive (limit o.i /ig). It imparts an orange-pink colour to the spots. ... 

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