PIN photodiode

Photodiode (LED) Pin photodiode Cameras, strobes, illuminators, remote controls, IR sensors Fiber-optic communications, liber links... 

A photodetector with a suitable spectral response for the detection of the fluorescence emission. As mentioned above, the fluorescence of most Cr3+-activated materials consists of either the red R-lines or a broadband infrared emission with the peak wavelengths ranging from -750 to 1000 nm, or both emissions. Thus, the widely available, compact and inexpensive silicon PIN photodiodes are the most suitable photodetectors for these applications. In some particular circumstances, where high speed and high sensitivity of detection are required, a silicon-based avalanche diode could be the best alternative to the PIN photodiode, at small price premium ... 

Figure 12.24. PIN photodiode, (a) Fabrication, (b) Energy band diagram, (c) Absorption in the depletion layer.

The ELLs can serve as modulated sources for long decay times of the type displayed by the ruthenium (Ru) complexes.(71) The large area of the ELL allows for substantial total intensity, so that the detector could be a simple PIN photodiode (Figure... 

The optical source is a diode laser and fiber-emitter and fiber-detector coupling is accomplished using standard optical fiber connectors. The detector is a PIN photodiode connected to a transimpedance preamplifier and the signal is amplified and filtered using a lock-in amplifier that also tunes the modulation frequency of the laser source. The analytical signal is collected and treated by a PC. 

Integrated fluorescence detection was also achieved using hydrogenated amorphous silicon PIN photodiodes fabricated on a glass chip [690], In another report, the integrated Si photodiode was used for fluorescent detection of DNA, with a LOD of 0.9 ng/pL [693],... 

Figure 1. Diagram of apparatus for picosecond fluorescence studies using streak camera detection. A laser oscillator B dye cell C output reflector D polarizer E spark gap F KDP pockels cell G polarizer (crossed with D) H clear glass beamsplitter J laser amplifier K pin photodiode L transient digitizer M,N 1054 nm reflectors P 2nd harmonic generator Q 3rd or 4th harmonic generator R spectrograph S streak camera T biplanar photodiode U image...

To synchronize the fluorescence to the continuous sinusoidal deflection voltage of the streak camera, 10% of the visible output from the dye laser was directed onto a pin photodiode which was used to trigger a tunnel diode oscillator. The output of this oscillator was then frequency... 

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the thennal lens instrument F, filter PH, pinhole PD, PIN photodiode.

Y. C. Tung, M. Zhang, C. T. Lin, K. Kurabayashi, and S. J. Skerlos. PDMS-based opto-fluidic micro flow cytometer with two-color, multi-angle fluorescence detection capability using PIN photodiodes. Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, 98, 356-367 (2004). 

TCSPC needs a timing reference signal from the light source. This is no problem for picosecond diode lasers, which deliver a trigger output pulse from the laser diode driver. For free-running solid-state lasers or jet-stream dye lasers, a suitable synchronisation signal can be generated by a photodiode. A simple solution is to use a fast PIN photodiode in one of the circuits shown in Fig. 7.42. 

Si photodiodes have a poor sensitivity in the UV range. UV-enhanced Si PIN photodiodes are available, but usually do not perform well at short pulses. In fre-... 

Various eomplete photodiode modules are commereially available. They use Si PIN photodiodes at an internally generated reverse voltage in the range of 30 V, Si avalanche photodiodes at a voltage of 50 to 150 V, or fast InGaAs diodes. 

Kim, K. H., Bai, J. H., Whang, J. H., Jun, I. S. 2008. Development of alpha detector module based on large area PIN photodiode. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology Supplement 5 417-420. 

During recent years the development of fast photodetectors has made impressive progress. For example, PIN photodiodes (Vol. 1, Sect. 4.5) are available with a rise time of 20 ps [760]. The easiest and cheapest way to achieve measurements of pulses with AT > 10 s is through detection by photodiodes, CCD detectors or photomultipliers, as discussed in Vol. 1, Sect. 4.5. However, until now the only detector... 

Si PIN photodiode None 80 X 80 Syringe pump PDMS and glass Polystyrene micros eres 10 pm particles How cytometry... 

Si PIN photodiode None 150 X 250 Syringe pump SU-8 and PDMS Lactate 50 mg /1 Spectrophotometry... 

Si PIN photodiode Filter cube dichroic band pass 20 X 100 Electrokinetic PDMS Escherichia coli 0157 H7 0.3 ng/nL Immunoassay... 

Si PIN photodiode None 1,000 X 1,000 Syringe pump Glass Calmodulin (CaM) as model protein 30 nM Immunoassay... 

Si PIN photodiodes feature low capacitance, which enables them to deliver a wide bandwidth with only a low bias voltage, making them ideal for high-speed photometry as well as optical... 

Combination of assembled microcell [134] or Au chip electrode [132] with a positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) photodiode detector lead to advancement in the miniaturization of ECL instrumentation for DNA quantification. Though, noise level and sensitivity of sihcon PIN diode are less sensitive than a PMT [134]. A highly sensitive DNA biosensor, fabricated by self-assembling the ECL probe of thiolated hairpin DNA tagged with ruthenium complex on the surface of a gold electrode works on a switch-off mode and ECL intensity decreases with an increase of the concentration of target DNA, and a detection limit of 9 x 10 M... 

Hybridization on integrated Au chip, light detection with a PIN photodiode detector, assay was based on displacement of DNA hybridization, ECL in phosphate buffer (pH 8.0)-0.10 TPrA... 

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