Pigment Blue Pigment

Somewhat of an intermediate position is assumed by a compound which may be considered both a disazo and a Naphthol AS pigment. Pigment Blue 25 is an interesting example of a cross compound, derived from coupling bisdiazotized 3,3 -dimethoxy-4,4 -diaminodiphenyl with Naphthol AS. 

Crystal structure In certain cases, chemically identical pigments existing in different crystal forms (also known as polymorphisms) may exhibit a different hue. Pigments that clearly show the effect of polymorphism on hue are quinacridone pigment (Pigment Violet 19), phthalocyanine pigment (Pigment Blue 15) and lead chromates. 

Cobalt compounds have been in use for centuries, notably as pigments ( cobalt blue ) in glass and porcelain (a double silicate of cobalt and potassium) the metal itself has been produced on an industrial scale only during the twentieth century. Cobalt is relatively uncommon but widely distributed it occurs biologically in vitamin B12 (a complex of cobalt(III) in which the cobalt is bonded octahedrally to nitrogen atoms and the carbon atom of a CN group). In its ores, it is usually in combination with sulphur or arsenic, and other metals, notably copper and silver, are often present. Extraction is carried out by a process essentially similar to that used for iron, but is complicate because of the need to remove arsenic and other metals. 

Bluang Blueing agents Blue phases Blue pigments Blue powder Blueprint... 

COLORANTS FORFOOD,DRUGS,COSTffiTICS AND TffiDICALDEVICES] (Vol 6) Cl Pigment Blue 60 [81-77-6... 

Inorganic Color Pigments. Iron blue is made in several shades, such as Mdori blue and Pmssian blue. It is economical, but has poor alkaH resistance. It is also used as a toner in some black inks. 

Phthalocyanine Blues. a-Copper phthalocyanine blue is a reddish species used primarily in coatings and plastics. Several varieties are marketed. The basic form, the unstable Pigment Blue 15 [147-14-8] (Cl 74160), is used in water-based paints, paints containing weak petroleum solvents, and in certain plastics, eg, PVC, that require mild processing conditions. 

Metal-free copper phthalocyanine blue, ie. Pigment Blue 16 [574-93-6] is one of the eadiest forms of phthalocyanine. Environmental concerns about copper in pigments tended to increase the use of metal-free copper phthalocyanine, but certain shortcomings (greenish hue, lack of stabiHty in aromatic solvents) allowed only specialty uses (109). The stabiH2ed a-NC-type is used in certain automotive coatings. 

In some cases, a single chemical substance can serve both as a dye and as a pigment. For example, indanthrone [81-77-6] (Pigment Blue 60) functions as a blue pigment or as a dye. As a pigment, indanthrone is a particulate, insoluble soHd dispersed directly into a vehicle, whereas as a dye it is reduced to a base-soluble hydtoquinone derivative and then reoxidized onto a soHd substrate. 

Pigment Blue 15 [147-14-8] 74160 copper phthalocyanine condensation of phthaUc anhydride with urea, in presence of copper ions, with or without added chlorophthahc anhy-dride subsequent conversion to alpha-phase and stabili2ation, if necessary... 

Pigment Blue 19 [58569-23-6] 42750 triarylcarbonium sulfonate sulfonation of bis (/-phenyl aminopheny1)-3-methy1-4-aminoph enylcarbonium sulfate... 

Pigment Blue 1 [1325-87-7] 42595 2 triarylcarbonium PTMA salt (Victoria Blue B) condensation of 4,4 -bis-A/A/-dimethyl aminoben2ophenone with /V-ethyl-1-naphthylamine, followed by oxidation and salt formation... 

Pigment Blue 24 [6548-12-5] 42090 1 triarylcarbonium Ba salt (Peacock Blue) condensation of ben2aldehyde-(9-sulfonic acid with /V-ethy1-/V-hen2y1 aniline, followed by sulfonation, oxidation, and salt formation... 

Idiochromatic examples of this are black magnetite [1309-38-2] Fe O otherwise written as Fe(II)0 Fe2(111)02 and the analogous red Mn O and the pigments Pmssian blue [14038-43-8] and Turnbull s blue [25869-98-17, both Fe4(III)[Fe(II)(CN)2]2. Allochromatic examples are widespread in the mineral field, with Fe + + Fe + being involved in blue and green tourmaline [1317-93-7] blue iolite (cordierite) [12182-53-5] etc. 

Cl Pigment Blue 27 Cl Pigment Gieen 15 Cl Natuial White 1... 

Chrornium—cobalt—alurninum oxide [68187-11-1]—Cl Pigment Blue 36, Cl No. 77343. A blue—green pigment obtained by calcining a mixture of chromium oxide, cobalt carbonate, and aluminum oxide. It may contain small amounts (<1% each) of oxides of barium, boron, siUcon, and nickel. 

Ferric ferrocyanide—Cl Pigment Blue 27, Cl No. 77510. The color additive ferric ferrocyanide is a ferric hexacyanoferrate is a pigment characterized by the stmctural formula Fe4[Fe(CN)g]2ArH20, which may contain small amounts of ferric sodium ferrocyanide and ferric potassium ferrocyanide. ... 

Pigment Blue 36 chromium —cobalt—aluminum oxide [68187-11-1] 11M2)... 

Fig. 1. Anthraquinone dyes used as organic pigments (4) = dibromoan than throne [4378-61-4] (Cl Pigment Red 168 Cl Vat Orange 3 Cl 5930G) (5) = an anthrapyrimidine [4216-01 -7] (Cl Pigment YeUow 108 Cl Vat YeUow 20 Cl 68420)-, (6) = indanthrone blue [81-77-6] (Cl Pigment Blue 60 Cl Vat Blue 4 ...

The principle of each process is briefly described ia the Hterature (170). Some anthraquiaoae dyes and pigments appear to be used ia combination with other dye or pigment classes such as phthalocyaniaes and carbazole violets, etc. Two examples described ia pateats are the red pigment and blue dye that foUow ... 

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