Phytoestrogens Daidzein

In 1987, Ken Setchell first described the method for the isolation of phytoestrogen in soy (Setchell et al., 1987). The phytoestrogens daidzein, genistein, coumestrol, formononetin, and biochanin-A were separated on a Cl8 reversed-phase column (Hypersil ODS) with methanol-0.1 M ammonium acetate buffer, pH 4.6 (60 40 v/v), as eluent. The retention and resolution were affected by buffer concentrations, pH type, and proportion of organic solvent in the mobile phase. Detection in the low picograms range was achieved with an electrochemical detector, and the compounds were positively identified by HPLC-thermospray mass spectrometry. 

Cytosol is the least used subcellular fraction compared to the S9 and microsomes. Cytosol is often used to conduct mechanistic studies and identify if any of the above enzymes could be involved in certainmetabolic pathways. For example, regioselective sulfation of the phytoestrogens daidzein (DZ) and genistein (GS)... 

Nakano H, Ogura K, Takahashi E, Harada T, Nishiyama T, Muro K, Hiratsuka A, Kadota S, Watabe T. Regioselective monosuUation and disulfation of the phytoestrogens daidzein and genistein by human liver sulfotransferases. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2004 19 216-226. 

Pan L, Xia X, Feng Y, Jiang C, Huang Y (2007)) Exposure to the phytoestrogen Daidzein attenuates apomorphine-induced penile erection concomitant with plasma testosterone level reduction in dose and time-related manner in adult rats. Urology 70 613-617... 

Lundh, T.J.O., Pettersson, J., and Kiessling, K.H., Liquid chromatographic determination of the phytoestrogens daidzein, formononetin, coumestrol, and equol in bovine blood plasma and urine, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 71, 938-941, 1988. 

An inverse correlation between thyroid cancer risk and phytoestrogens was recently proposed as a result of a multi-ethnic population-based case control study conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area (Hom-Ross et al., 2002). In this study, dietary habits and phytoestrogen consumption were assessed by a food-frequency questionnaire and by a nutrient database. The outcome of the study was that soy-based foods and alfalfa sprouts were associated with a reduction of thyroid cancer risk, whereas a Western diet did not influence cancer risk. No difference was observed between American and Asian women or between pre- and postmenopausal women. Furthermore, among the few compounds examined, the isoflavones genistein and daidzein and the lignan secoisolariciresinol were the phytoestrogens most frequently associated with risk reduction (Horn-Ross et al., 2002). 

BARNES, K.A., SMITH, R.A., WILLIAMS, K., DAMANT, A.P., SHEPHERD, MJ.A., Microbore high performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method for the determination of the phytoestrogens genistein and daidzein in comminuted baby foods and soya flour, Rapid Comm. Mass Spectrom., 1998,12,130-138. 

Glycine max (L.) Merrill G. soja Sieb. Zucc. Da Dou Ye Da Dou (Soybean) (seed) Protein, isoflavone derivatives, genisteine, daidzein, riboflavin, thiamine, niacin, pantothenic acid, choline.33,67 Phytoestrogenic, elevate the vasomotor system, prevent cancer, a potent inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase. 

Trifolium pratense L. T. repens L. Che Zhou Cao (Red clover) (whole plant) Phytoestrogens, genisteine, iodine, daidzein, formononetin.33-48-221 Stimulating effect on female reproductive organs. 

Trifolium pratense L. China Phytoestrogens, genistein, daidzein, formononetin.33-48 Stimulating effect on female reproductive organs. 

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