Photocatalysis, advances

Chemical processes include reduction and oxidation. Conventional chemical (coagulation-flocculation) and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as chemical oxidation (ozonation, Fenton oxidation, Fe2+/H202), ultrasonic chemical oxidation, photocatalysis oxidation (UV/H2Q2, UV/O3, and W/O3/H2O2),... 

Our knowledge of the fundamental aspects of photocatalysis has advanced greatly in recent years [22, 23], and the lack of driving force needed to surmount activation barriers can be overcome by properly engineering the catalytic properties of the system at the nanoscale level. 

Mills, A Lee, S-K. Semiconductor photocatalysis. In Parsons SA, editor. Advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment. London IWA Publishing 2004 137-166. 

Destruction of chromophoric and nonchromophoric pollutants in pulp and paper effluents may be achieved by advanced oxidation methods such as photocatalysis, photo-oxidation using hydrogen peroxide (H202)/UV or ozone (Osj/UV systems, Fenton-type reactions, wet oxidation, and by employing strong oxidants such as ozone. 

Photocatalysis treatment of wastewater has focused attention on attaining the degradation of reagents which are not readily eradicated by conventional or other advanced degradation methods. Among the two groups of pollutants, phenol and its derivates and hydrocarbons are important examples. ... 

Applications of titania nanotube arrays have been focused up to now on (i) photoelectrochemical and water photolysis properties, (ii) dye-sensitized solar cells, (iii) photocatalysis, (iv) hydrogen sensing, self-cleaning sensors, and biosensors, (v) materials for photo- and/or electro-chromic effects, and (vi) materials for fabrication of Li-batteries and advanced membranes and/or electrodes for fuel cells. A large part of recent developments in these areas have been discussed in recent reviews.We focus here on the use of these materials as catalysts, even though results are still limited, apart from the use as photocatalysts for which more results are available. 

H. Al-Ekabi, A. Safarzadeh-Amiri, J. Story, and W. Sifton, Advanced Technology for Destruction of Organic Pollutants by Photocatalysis, Nulite, London, Ontario. 

Kisch H. Semiconductor photocatalysis for organic synthesis. In Neckers DC, von Btinau G, Jenks WS, eds. Advances in Photochemistry. Chichester John Wiley Sons, Inc., 2001 93-143. 

Various alternatives to the conventional one-electron photochemistry were reviewed recently [116,122], A rational framework for advancing the multi-electron photochemistry of new metal complexes has been developed using two-electron mixed-valence complexes as the redox platform. Two-electron mixed valence is a useful design concept for hydrogen and oxygen photocatalysis. As single-electron... 

This review is a discussion of the kinetic modelling of the photoelectrochemistry of colloidal semiconductor systems. This area is currently attracting significant attention from the scientific community due to the applications of colloidal semiconductors within two rapidly advancing research fronts heterogeneous photocatalysis and nanocrystalline particle technology. 

Keywords Photochemical Advanced Oxidation Technologies Vacuum ultraviolet Ozonation Direct photolysis Photo-Fenton Photo-ferrioxalate Photocatalysis... 

In closing, important advances have been performed after 1999 on Hg(II) photocatalysis, especially concerning the highly toxic organomercuric compounds. However, and as said in a previous paper (Botta et al., 2002), it is worthwhile to remark that remediation of Hg(II) in aqueous solutions is hard to attain completely, because of the low levels needed to avoid toxicity (in the order of gg L ). Thus, very sensitive analytical tools must be used to control the concentration of species in the solution. The physicochemical properties of the products derived from the treatment also introduce serious difficulties. Although zerovalent mercury can be carefully distilled off by mild heating, trapped and recondensed, or it can be dissolved with nitric... 

Domenech, X., Jardim, W.E., and Litter, M.l. Advanced oxidation Processes for Contaminant Elimination, in M.A. Blesa, and B. Sanchez (Eds.), Elimination of Contaminants Through Heterogeneous Photocatalysis , CIEMAT (2004). 

Photocatalysis and its related technological issues have been strongly influenced by recent publications. The present Volume 36-Photocatalytic Technologies of the Elsevier s Advances in Chemical Engineering Series aims at offering a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art photocatalytic technology. In order to accomplish this, several prominent researchers were invited to contribute a chapter for the Volume 36. 

In summary, the present issue of Advances in Chemical Engineering Volume 36 offers an up-to-date overview and discussion of principles and applications of photo catalytic reaction engineering. Altogether, Volume 36 is an invitation to reflect on the possibilities of photocatalysis as a promising technology for green reaction engineering. 

More recently, the various aspects of light-responsive and photoreactive inorganic compounds in biological and bioinspired systems have been addressed (3-6). In the present contribution, some fundamental principles and first advances of the rapidly evolving fields of bioinorganic photochemistry and biomimetic photocatalysis will be discussed. No attempt will be made to provide a comprehensive coverage of the relevant literature, which is widespread across a bunch of different disciplines... 

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