Phosphorus reaction with hydrogen

Alcohols and phenols are also weak bases. They can be protonated on the oxygen by strong acids. This reaction is the first step in the acid-catalyzed dehydration of alcohols to alkenes and in the conversion of alcohols to alkyl halides by reaction with hydrogen halides. Alkyl halides can also be prepared from alcohols to alkyl halides by reaction with hydrogen halides. Alkyl halides can also be prepared from alcohols by reaction with thionyl chloride or phosphorus halides. 

SAFETY PROFILE A poison. Flammable by chemical reaction an oxidizer. Explosive reaction with hydrogen peroxide, chlorine + ethylene. Reacts violently with molten potassium, molten sodium, S, (H2S + BaO + air). Forms explosive mixtures with nonmetals [e.g., phosphorus (impact-sensitive), sulfur (friction-sensitive)]. Incompatible with alkali metals, reducing materials. Dangerous when heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of Hg. See also MERCURY COMPOUNDS, INORGANIC. 

Reaction of alkyl-, aryloxy- or arylphosphonothionic dichlorides with hydrogen sulfide also yields derivatives of 617, as exemplified in the synthesis of 620. Related syntheses involve treatment of phosphorus dichlorides with hydrogen sulfide and pyridine, usually in the presence of added elemental sulfur. ... 

Trimethylsilylamino tellurium pentafluoride lost the trimethylsilyl group in reactions with hydrogen fluorideS cesium fluoride, chlorine fluoride, sulfur fluorides, selenium tetrafluo-ride, phosphorus pentafluoride, tungsten hexachloride, molybdenum hexafluoride, and tungsten hexafluoride. ... 

Phosphorus combines with hydrogen to form phosphine. In this reaction, 123.9 g of phosphorus combines with excess hydrogen to prodnce 129.9 g of phosphine. After the reaction, 310 g of hydrogen remains unreacted. What mass of hydrogen is used in the reaction What was the initial mass of hydrogen before the reaction ... 

The identity of RN(PF2)2 compounds can be confirmed by their quantitative reaction with hydrogen chloride (237) and by their characteristic fluorine and phosphorus NMR spectra (239) (Section XI). 

Reaction of phosphorus trifluoride with hydrogen fluoride gives a number of products, including an anionic species, the H NMR spectrum of which consists of a doublet (1000 Hz) of doublets (125 Hz) of quintets (5 Hz). Its P NMR spectrum is a doublet (1000 Hz) of quintets (820 Hz) of doublets (730 Hz). Identify this ion, and describe as fully as possible its NMR spectrum, assuming this to be of first order. 

Reaction of alcohols with phosphorus tribromide (Section 4 13) As an alternative to converting alco hols to alkyl bromides with hydrogen bromide the inorganic reagent phosphorus tribromide is some times used... 

Both reactants m the Williamson ether synthesis usually originate m alcohol pre cursors Sodium and potassium alkoxides are prepared by reaction of an alcohol with the appropriate metal and alkyl halides are most commonly made from alcohols by reaction with a hydrogen halide (Section 4 7) thionyl chloride (Section 4 13) or phosphorus tri bromide (Section 4 13) Alternatively alkyl p toluenesulfonates may be used m place of alkyl halides alkyl p toluenesulfonates are also prepared from alcohols as their imme diate precursors (Section 8 14)... 

Peroxomonophosphoric acid can be prepared by the hydrolysis of peroxodiphosphates ia aqueous acid and by the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with phosphorus pentoxide (45). It is not produced or used commercially and the salts that have been prepared are unstable and impure. 

Nuclear halogen atoms also show many of the reactions typical of aryl halogens, (i) They can be replaced with hydrogen atoms by catalytic (Pd, Ni, etc.) or chemical reduction (HI or Zn/H2S04). For example, halogenopyrazoles with HI and red phosphorus at 150 °C... 

Triazole has been prepared by the oxidation of substituted 1,2,4-triazoles, by the treatment of urazole with phosphorus pentasulfide, by heating equimolar quantities of formyl-hydrazine and formamide, by removal of the amino function of 4-amino-l,2,4-triazole, by oxidation of l,2,4-triazole-3(5)-thiol with hydrogen peroxide, by decarboxylation of 1,2,4-triazole-3(5)-carboxylic acid, by heating hydrazine salts with form-amide,by rapidly distilling hydrazine hydrate mixed with two molar equivalents of formamide, i by heating N,N -diformyl-hydrazine with excess ammonia in an autoclave at 200° for 24 hours, and by the reaction of 1,3,5-triazine and hydrazine monohydrochloride. ... 

Phosphoric acid made by the wet process, in which phosphate rock is treated with sulfuric acid, is highly inert toward lead in any concentration for temperatures up to 150°C, However, in the dry process, where hydrogen phosphate (H3PO4) is made directly from phosphorus or phosphorus pentoxide (P2OS), a chemical reaction with lead occurs. 

An alternate scheme for preparing these compounds starts with a prefabricated pyrimidone ring. Aldol condensation of that compound (95), which contains an eneamide function, with pyridine-3-aldehyde (80), gives the product 96. Catalytic hydrogenation gives the product of 1,4 reduction. The resulting pyrimidinedione, of course exists in the usual tautomeric keto (97a) and enol (97b) forms. Reaction with phosphorus oxyxchloride leads to the chloro derivative 98. Displacement with methoxide gives 99. Reaction of this last intermediate with the furylalkylamine derivative 92 leads to the H-2 blocker lupitidine (100) [22]. 

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