Transporters phosphate

A pattern emerges from kinetic studies of the glutamate, pyruvate and phosphate transporters, all of which catalyze proton symport. Proton binding to the carrier lowers the of the metabolite on the same side of the membrane. The glutamate data suggest that this is true on both the cytosolic and matrix sides. However, proton binding to the carrier on one side of the membrane inhibits initial rates of transport from the opposite face. Since this is due to a decrease in without a change of on the opposite side, it is tentatively concluded that the proton prevents release of product from the carrier. This would obviously decrease the for transport on the same side of the membrane. 

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Further side-chain oxidation of vitamin metabohtes may be necessary for phosphate transport (188,189). 24,25-Dihydtoxycholecalcifetol is... 

F. Broimer and M. PeterHk, eds.. Calcium and Phosphate Transport Across Biomembranes, Academic Press, New York, 1981. 

Figure 12-10. Transporter systems in the inner mitochondrial membrane. , phosphate transporter ...

Figure 12-11. Combination of phosphate transporter ( ) with the adenine nucleotide transporter ((2)) in ATP synthesis. The H+ZP, symport shown is equivalent to the P /OH antiport shown in Figure 12-10. Four protons are taken into the mitochondrion for each ATP exported. However, one less proton would be taken in when ATP is used inside the mitochondrion.

Zubrzycka-Gaarn, E., Phillips, L. and MacLennan, D.H. (1984) In Epithelial Calcium and Phosphate Transport. Molecular and Cellular Aspects, 2nd International Workshop on Calcium and Phosphate Across Biomembranes, Vienna, March 5-7, 1984, Progress in Clinical and Biological Research (Bronner, F. and Peterlik, M., Eds.), Vol. 168, pp. 19-23, Alan R. Liss, New York. 

H. Liu, A. T. Trieu, L. A. Blaylock, and M. J. Harrison, Cloning and characterization of two phosphate transporters from Medicago truncatula roots Regulation in response to phosphate and to colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 11 A (1998). 

Chong, S. S., et al. Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding a human renal sodium phosphate transport protein and its assignment to chromosome 6p21.3-p23. Genomics 1993, 38, 355-359. 

Uchino, H., et al. Faropenem transport across the renal epithelial luminal membrane via inorganic phosphate transporter Nptl. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2000,... 

Feild, J. A., et al. Cloning and functional characterization of a sodium-dependent phosphate transporter expressed in human lung and small intestine. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1999, 258, 578-582. 

Cells accumulate arsenic using an active transport system normally used in phosphate transport. 

The hexose-6-phosphate transporter UhpT protein also contains 12 transmembrane (TM) regions. Based on experimental data, Hall and Maloney [113] conclude that TM11 spans the membrane as an a-helix with approximately two-thirds of its surface lining a substrate translocation pathway. It is suggested that this feature is a general property of carrier proteins in the Major Facilitator Superfamily, and that, for this reason, residues in TM11 will serve to carry determinants of substrate selectivity [113]. 

Fann, M. C. and Maloney, P. C. (1998). Functional symmetry of UhpT, the sugar phosphate transporter of Escherichia coli, J. Biol. Chem., 273, 33 735-33 740. 

Auer, M, Kim, M. J., Lemieux, M. J., Villa, A., Song, J., Li, X.-D. and Wang D.-N. (2001). High-yield expression and functional analysis of Escherichia coli glycerol-3-phosphate transporter, Biochemistry, 40, 6628-6635. 

Mierle, G. (1985). Kinetics of phosphate transport by Synchococcus leopoliensis (Cyanophyta) evidence for diffusion limitation of phosphate uptake, J. Phycol., 21, 177-185. 

Miller, D. and Miller, A. (1994) A family of retroviruses that utilize related phosphate transporters for cell entry. J Virol53, 8270-8276. 

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