Phenolic wastewaters

The catalyst dust is then separated from the resulting carbon dioxide stream via cyclones and/or electrostatic precipitators and is sent off-site for disposal or treatment. Generated wastewater is typically sour water from the fractionator containing some oil and phenols. Wastewater containing metal impurities from the feed oil can also be generated from the steam used to purge and regenerate catalysts. 

Catalytic cracking units are one of the largest sources of sour and phenolic wastewaters in a refinery. Pollutants from catalytic cracking generally come from the steam strippers and overhead accumulators on fractionators, used to recover and separate the various hydrocarbon fractions produced in the catalytic reactors. 

Phenolic Wastewaters from "Empore" Sorbent Discs... 

Verhoeven W, Sluyts D, Denecker G, van Osselaer T, Hinz J, Vaes J, van Herck W, de Vos S. Treatment of phenolic wastewaters from manufacture of polycarbonates, bisphenols or diphenyl carbonate by reactive extraction. DE 19510063, Bayer Antwerpen N.V., 1996. 

Kahru, A., Kurvet, M. and Ktilm, I. (1996) Toxicity of phenolic wastewater to luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum and activated sludges, Water Science and Technology 33(6), 139-146. 

Cheng J, Yu SM, Zuo P (2006) Horseradish peroxidase immobilized on aluminum-pillared interlayered clay for the catalytic oxidation of phenolic wastewater. Water Res 40 283-290... 

Awad, Y. M. and Abuzaid, N. S. (1997) Electrochemical treatment of phenolic wastewater Efficiency, design considerations and economic evaluation. J. Environ. Sd. Health A 32, 1393-1414. 

Zhang XJ, Liu J, Fan Q, Lian Q, Zhang X, and Lu T. Industrial application of liquid membrane separation for phenolic wastewater treatment. In Li NN, Strathmann H, eds. Separation Technology, New York United Engineering Trustees, 1988 190-203. 

Zhan, X. Liu, J. Fan, Q. Lian, Q. Zhang, X. Lu, T. Industrial application of liquid Mmem-brane separation for phenolic wastewater treatment. In Separation Technology, Engineering Foundation Conference, Schloss Elmau, Germany, April 27-May 1, 1987 Li, N.N., Strathmann, H., Eds. American Institute of Chemical Engineers New York, 1988 190-203. 

Xiao, M., Zhou, J., Tan, Y., Zhang, A., Xia, Y., Ji, L. (2006). Treatment of highly-concentrated phenol wastewater with an extractive membrane reactor using sihcone rubber. Desalination 195 281-293. 

Pollution of wastewaters by phenols of artificial origin is caused particularly by those from the thermal processing of coal, oil refineries, from sulphite woodworking, dyestuff industry, and from the mamufacture of pesticides. These wastewaters contain monovalent and multivalent phenols at concentrations of units of g 1 . In the process of biological treatment of phenolic wastewaters different polyphenols are formed which have a similar cha-... 

In the case of wastewater purification, extraction is used either for elimination of some toxic and radioactive substances, or in cases where some important raw material can be recovered in this way. Extraction can be exemplified by the purification of phenolic wastewaters by extraction with benzene. The most convenient units are continuous extraction systems with counter-flow operation. Extraction is an expensive and complex process, therefore, it is used only when the costs are balanced by the value of the products obtained [55, 56). 

TCI. Iswahymu, Phenolic Wastewaters Treatment using Fenton s Reagent and... 

Polaert I., Wilhelm A.M. and Dehnas H. 1997. Phenol wastewater treatment by a two-step adsorption-oxidation process on activated carbon, Chem. Eng. Sci., 57, 1585-1590. 

Loh, K. C., Chnng,T. S. and Ang, W. F. 1999. Immobilized-cell membrane bioreactor for high-strength phenol wastewater. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 126,75-79. 

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