Phase diagrams of mixtures

Fig. 2-15. Phase diagrams of mixtures of methane and ethane. (Bloomer, et al., Institute of Gas Technology, Research Bulletin 22, 1953. Reproduced courtesy of Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago.)...

Fig, 2-26. Ternary phase diagram of mixtures of methanejjpropane, and n-pentane at 500 psia and 160°F with equilibrium tie-line, 123. (Data from Dourson et al., Trans. AIME, 151, 206.)... 

Fig. 2-30. Pseudoternary phase diagram of mixtures of a synthetic oil with carbon dioxide. The oil is represented as a mixture of methane and ethane plus. (Data from Leach and Yellig, Trans., AIME, 271, 89.)...

Fig, 2-37. Phase diagrams of mixtures of ethane and n-heptane. (Reprinted with permission from Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 30, 461. Copyright 1938 American Chemical Society.)... 

Durrani, C.M., Prystupa, D.A., Donald, A.M., and Clark, A.H. (1993). Phase diagram of mixtures of polymers in aqueous solution using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Macromolecules, 26, 981-987. 

Figure 3.7 Phase diagram of mixtures of phenol and water. Data taken from AN Campbell and AJR Campbell, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 59, 2481 (1937).

Olabisi100) used the Equations developed by McMaster to attempt to simulate the LCST phase diagram of mixtures of PVC with poly(caprolactone). He obtained a value of X12 using the inverse gas chromatography technique and assumed Q12 to be zero. The simulated curves did not come close to reality but considering the... 

Orendi, H., and Ballauff, M., Complete phase diagrams of mixtures of a nematic liquid crystal with n-alkanes, Liq. Cryst., 6, 497-500 (1989). 

The investigation of the phase diagrams of mixtures of CaFa with a variety of electron donors has been undertaken recently by Goates, Ott, and their collaborators. > > Their results are summarized in Table 6. 

Fig. 3 Phase diagram of mixtures of polymer (la) and the low molar mass nematic l.c. (2) l=isotropic, N=nematic, Krcrystalline, G=glassy... 

Figure 3.11 (b) Binary phase diagram of mixtures of the equimolar polymeric complex of (4b) + (6b) (n = 2) and the equimolar monomeric analog, as shown in the schematic representation the abscissa is in terms of the mole percent polymeric complex (permission being sought from [15]). 

Fig. 5.15 FVT phase diagrams of mixtures of hard spheres (1) plus spherocylinders (2) for L/D = 20 and g = 0.01 (Z diagrams), q = 0.025 middle diagrams), q = 0.05 right diagrams). Upper curves are in the ( — [)-representation and lower curves are in the (4>2 - i)-plane...

Here we outline how these more highly ordered phases can be accounted for in the phase diagram of mixtures of rod-like colloids and flexible polymers using FVT and follow the work of Bolhuis et al. [46]. The FVT requires the pressure, the chemical potential of the hard spherocylinder (HSC) reference system, and the free volume fraction (cf. (6.40) and (6.41)) as input. The computer simulations presented in [2, 4] contain the necessary information on the pressure and chemical potential of the HSC reference system and in [46] the free volume fraction was obtained using the Widom insertion method [47]. In this method one attempts to insert the polymers (represented by phs with diameter cr) at random positions in the simulation box. The fraction of insertions that does not result in an overlap corresponds to the free volume fraction. The free volume fraction measured in this way at different volume fractions of the HSC was fitted to a functional form similar to the SPT expression for the free volume fraction and used in (6.40) and (6.41). In Fig. 6.21 we present the simulation results for L/D = 5 and q= 1.0, q = 0.65 and = 0.15 obtained in [46] using the method outline above. In the upper graph of Fig. 6.21 q = 1) we compare the results for the Ii—12 transition... 

FIGURE 1.16. The isobaric phase diagram of mixtures HOPDOB-HBAB (a simplified version of [42]). Dashed lines correspond to monotropic transitions. 

Fig. 11. Calculated phase diagrams of mixtures containing block copolymer AB and homopolymer A, where the number of segments per molecule of the copolymer and the homopolymer are equal to N, and the fraction f of monomer A in the...

Roe and Zin also gave the phase diagram of mixtures consisting of the same diblock copolymer and a polybutadiene (M, = 28000). The overall feature of this phase diagram is similar to that given in Figure 16, except that the MST is seen to decrease with increasing amount of added polybutadiene. 

There is a paucity of information on fluid metal mixtures under extreme conditions. This is perhaps not surprising given the remarkable variety and complexity of the phase diagrams of mixtures of even simple molecular liquids (Rowlinson and Swinton, 1982). In a singlecomponent system, equilibriiun between two fluid phases is normally limited to liquid-gas equilibrium, and above the critical temperature the system exhibits the unique feature that its density can be varied in a continuous manner without the occurrence of an abrupt liquid-gas phase transition. We have discussed in detail the continuous metal-nonmetal transitions that occur in pure fluid metals under these conditions. The situation is quite different, however, for a two-component system. The equilibrium region where two fluid phases coexist is not necessarily limited to temperatures below the critical temperature of the less volatile component. On the contrary, among the more remarkable features of binary mixtures is the continuous existence of phase separation above the critical points of the pure components. One now speaks ot gas-gas or fluid-fluid equilibria. We consider the latter term to be the more appropriate since the phases are more accurately characterized as dense fluids than as gases under the conditions at which these separations occur. 

THU Thuresson, K., Karlstrbm, G., and Lindman, B., Phase diagrams of mixtures of a nonionic polymer, hexanol, and water. An experimental and theoretical study of the effect of hydrophobic modification, J. Phys. Chem., 99, 3823, 1995. 

Phase Diagrams of Mixtures of SIS Tribiock Copolymers and PS Homopolymers... 

Fig. 3.20. Phase diagram of mixtures of PS (M = 2-10 ) and PVME (M = 4.7-10 ), showing an upper miscibility gap. Data from Hashimoto et al.[16]...

Figure 4.8 presents phase diagrams of mixtures of different polystyrenes with polybutadiene (PB), all of them with moderate to low molar mass... 

Fig. 10.16 Phase diagrams of mixtures of a rodlike molecule and a liquid crystal molecule...

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