Pharyngitis antimicrobials

Antimicrobial therapy should be limited to those who have clinical and epidemiologic features of Group A streptococcal pharyngitis with a positive laboratory test. 

Most cases of pharyngitis are self-limited however, antimicrobial therapy will hasten resolution when given early to proven cases of group A Streptococcus. Symptoms generally resolve by 3 to 4 days even without therapy. Children should be kept home from daycare or school until afebrile and for the first 24 hours after antimicrobial treatment is initiated,... 

Sulfouamides have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, including Staphylococcus aureus, nonenterococcal types of Streptococcus, Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia, Neisseria, Haemophilius influenzae, enteric Gram-negative types of E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, and a few forms of anaerobic bacteria. Above all, sulfonamides are used for treating uncomplicated infections of the urinary tract, infections caused by Nocardia asteroids, streptococcal pharyngitis, menigococcal diseases, toxoplasmosis, and others. 

Myrrh has antimicrobial, astringent, carminative, expectorant, anticatarrhal, antiseptic, and vulnerary properties. Traditionally, it has been used for aphthous ulcers, pharyngitis, respiratory catarrh, common cold, furunculosis, wounds and abrasions, and specifically for mouth ulcers, gingivitis, and pharyngitis. 

Pllloni AP, Buttini G, Glannerelll D, et al. Antimicrobial action of Nltens mouthwash (cetylpyridinium naproxenate) on multiple Isolates of pharyngeal microbes a controlled study against chlorhexidine, benzydamine, hexetidine, amoxicillin clavulanate, clarithromycin and cefaclor. Chemotherapy 2002 48(4) 168-173... 

The proper route of administration for an antimicrobial depends on the site of infection. Parenteral therapy is warranted when patients are being treated for febrile neutropenia or deep-seated infections such as meningitis, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. Severe pneumonia often is treated initially with intravenous antibiotics and switched to oral therapy as clinical improvement is evident. Patients treated in the ambulatory setting for upper respiratory tract infections (e.g., pharyngitis, bronchitis, sinusitis, and otitis media), lower respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, uncomplicated urinary tract infections, and selected sexually transmitted diseases may receive oral therapy. 

Antimicrobial treatment should be limited to those who have clinical and epidemiologic features of group A streptococcal pharyngitis with a positive laboratory test. Penicillin is the drug of choice in the treatment of group A streptococcal pharyngitis (Table 107-8). It has the narrowest spectrum of activity, and it is effective, safe, and inexpensive. The only controlled studies that have demonstrated that antimicrobial therapy prevents rheumatic fever were done with procaine penicillin, which was later replaced with benzathine penicillin. " ... 

Schwartz B, Marcy M, Phillips WR, et al. Pharyngitis Principles of judicious use of antimicrobial agents. Pediatrics 1998 101 171—174. 

Still, J. G. (1994). Treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis in children with five days of azithromycin suspension. In Program of the 34th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Abstr. No. M67. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC. 

Use In the perfume industry for warm, oriental notes to improve the aromatic nature of foods such as puddings, confectionery, bakery products, liquors, and refreshing beverages (cola-lemonades) in medicine in carminatives and in oral and pharyngeal therapeutics on account of its antimicrobial activity. 

Rodriguez-Roldan JM, Altuna-Cuesta A, L6pez A, et al. Prevention of nosocomial lung infection in ventilated patients use of an antimicrobial pharyngeal nonabsorbable paste. Grit Care Med 1990 18 1239-1242. 

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