Pharmacy Belgium

D. Mangelings (447) Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Dept. Pharmacentical and Biomedical Analysis, Laarbeeklaan 103 B-1090, Brnssels, Belgium... 

Y. Vander Heyden (447) Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Dept. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Laarbeeklaan 103 B-1090, Brussels, Belgium Qingxi Wang (379) Pharmaceutical Research Development, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486 USA Mieng-Hua Wann (569) Purdue Pharma, 444 Saw Mill River Rd, Ardsley, NY 10502 USA... 

Philippa M. Dakayaar, Pti.D. Senior Research Scientist, Laboratories of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, University of Ghent Ghent, Belgium... 

Physical Pharmacy, university of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium... 

Fortunately, in Belgium herbal medicines are available only on prescription, and so it was possible to trace the preparation back to the pharmacies that had prepared it and to analyse the constituents. Of 105 patients studied, 43 had complete kidney failure. In 39 of those examined, 18 were found to have kidney or bladder cancer. It was possible even to detect the constituent of the herb in samples of kidney from the patients affected."... 

Prices of imported pharmaceuticals are regulated in such a way that the maximum allowed price to the pharmacy is linked to the price of a product with similar active substance in Europe, irrespective of the exporting country. More exactly, this price is the average of pharmacy prices in Belgium, France, Germany and Britain or that in Holland, whichever of these two is lower, plus 1.5 percent. This applies to the private market. In fact, the institutional market constitutes more than 80 percent of the pharmaceuticals market. As a rule, prices pcdd by the healthcare organizations are substantially lower. As a result, the Israeli pharmaceuticals market is highly competitive. 

University Hospital Sart Tilman, Pharmacy Department B 35, 4000 Liege, Belgium Ms. H. Kreckel... 

In Australia, comfrey is classified as a poison, and its sale has been restricted in several states (USP, 1998). In Austria, medicinal preparations of comfrey must be registered with the Federal Ministry of Health and Environmental Protection, and can be sold only in pharmacies. A similar situation exists in Sweden, where comfrey products must be registered. Sale for medicinal use is prohibited in Belgium, the United Kingdom, and Indonesia. In Canada, the Health Protection Branch of Health does not accept comfrey root as an ingredient in medicinal products, and it is listed as unacceptable as a food. In France, as in Germany, the root is permitted for external use only. 

Laboratory of General Biochemistiy and Physical Pharmacy, Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000, Gent, Belgium Email SangramKeshari.Samal UGent.be... 

The pharmacists represented a special professional group related in different ways to the chemists in various countries. In the Netherlands, the pharmacists were welcome to become members of the chemical society if they so wished. The case was the same in (at least) Belgium, Czech Lands, Denmark and Norway, whereas the pharmaceutical chemists were explicitly excluded from membership of the chemical societies in some of the other countries, such as Britain. Different local reasons for the differences have been discussed in some of the previous chapters, and we can only conclude that although chemistry historically has had long and strong ties to pharmacy, the two disciplines had largely become differentiated by the late nineteenth century. This is also reflected in the formation of self-contained associations dealing with the specific interests of the pharmacists. 

Institut de Pharmacie Universite de Lidge 3 rue Fusch, B-4000 Liige, Belgium... 

Leopold Thunus Institut de Pharmacie, University de Li ge, 3 rue Fusch, B-4000 Li ge, Belgium (333/667)... 

There are several special situations in some Exxropean countries. In the United Kingdom and in the Scandinavian countries, most preparations are prepared at and supplied by central pharmacies. In Belgium, Germany and Portugal, such a supply is prohibited, so pharmacies have to prepare for their own patients. In France, a large hospital pharmacy in Paris provides many other pharmacies with preparations. 

Stephane P. Vincent, Universite de Namur, Belgium Anne Wadouachi, Universite de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France Qian Wan, Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and technology, Wuhan, P. R. China Amandine Xolin, CNRS, Cif-sur-Yvette, France Rui Xu, Universite de Lyon, France Philippe Zinck, Universite Lille Nerd de France, France... 

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