Pharmaceuticals cannabinoids

GW Pharmaceuticals. Cannabinoid Science Mechanism of action. Available at http //www.gwpharm.com/mechanism-of-action.aspx. 

IP751 Manhattan Pharmaceuticals Cannabinoid derivative TNF antagonist LD inhibitor IL antagonist Phase 2 Spinal and nerve injury pain... 

A number of pharmaceutical companies are working to develop drugs that will block the marijuana high sought by the world s estimated 144 million regular marijuana users. In 1988, researchers identified the receptors in the brain to which the marijuana molecule attaches. Named Cannabinoid Receptor l (CBl), it became the site of intensive scientific research, subsequently leading to the discovery that the brain naturally produces several compounds that fit the CBl receptors. One of these natural compounds was named anandamide from ananda, the Sanskrit word for bliss. ... 

Ajulemic acid (77) Cannabinoid CP 7075 (IP 751, ajulemic acid, CT-3) (synthetic version) Neurological (neuropathic pain) Suppresses IL-lp and mahix metalloproteinases (MMPs) through a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) y-mediated mechanism Phase I Cervelo Pharmaceuticals 615-618... 

Forensic analysis of street drugs include that of cocaine together with excipients frequently encountered (579), amphetamines 080), and dyes found in heroin samples 081). An on-line photochemical derivitization of cannabinoids has been described 082). Other pharmaceutical agents studied in formation include nortriptyline in tablets. 083), glycyrrhizic acid from licorice extract 084, 585), pirimiphos methyl 086), digitalis glycosides 0S7), pilocarpine 088), and its antagonist atropine 009). 

Robust and reproducible methods have been developed with traditional RP materials for neutral and ion suppressed acidic analytes [51,52], in application to pharmaceutical analysis [34,53,54], aromatic compounds [55], phenols in tobacco smoke [56], preservatives in creams [40,41] nucleosides [57,58] and cannabinoids [59], Typical efficiencies were >100,000 plates/m. The analysis of bases, however, remains a challenge (see later section). The use of other column chemistries such as C8 and phenyl phases allows the selectivity of the stationary phase to be optimised in a similar fashion to that used in LC [60-62], (see Fig. 3.5). 

These impressive advances in biology have not been paralleled by developments in the therapeutic area. The psychotropic effects of d9-THC, and the stigma attached to cannabis as an abused drug, has resulted in a pronounced lack of enthusiasm within the pharmaceutical companies. However, the recent development of cannabinoids that do not cause a psychotropic effect, and yet have therapeutically important features (HU-211, for example), the discovery of antagonists and of cannabinoids that bind preferentially to the peripheral CB2, may bring about enhanced pharmaceutical research. 

Pure polyunsaturated fatty acid amides and their derivatives. These synthcally produced compounds are able to mimic naturally occuring anandamides in the brain and bind the cannabinoid receptor. The compounds exhibit physiological activity and are useful as active ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of inflammation, migraines, spasticity activity, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis. 

Mead A (2004) International control of cannabis changing attitudes. In Guy G, Whittle B, Robson P (eds) The medicinal use of cannabis and cannabinoids. Pharmaceutical Press, London... 

SOURCE K.H. Davis et al., "The Preparation and Analysis of Enriched and Pure Cannabinoids from Marihuana and Hashish," Lloydia 33 (1970) 453 F. Markus, "Cannabivarin and Tatrahydrocannabivarin, Two Constituents of Hashish," Nature 232 (1971) 579 P.S. Fetterman et al., "Mississippi Grown Cannabissativa L.," Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 60 (1971) 1246 P. Chambon et al., "Problames Poses Par la Culture Locale du Chanvre et Dosage des Chanvre," Bulletin das Travaaux de la Societe de Pharmacia da Lyon 16 (1972) 46. 

Canadensolide H NMR, 4, 578 Cannabichromanone synthesis, 3, 726 Cannabichromene, 3, 675 photochemistry, 3, 721 synthesis, 3, 721, 746, 748, 782 Cannabichromenic acid thermolysis, 3, 721 Cannabifuran synthesis, 4, 698 Cannabinoids biosynthesis, 3, 877 structure, 4, 548 thermolysis, 3, 721 Cannabinol occurrence, 3, 665 as pharmaceutical, 1, 151 synthesis, 3, 721, 786 Cannabinol, hexahydro-synthesis, 3, 787 Cannabinol, A -tetrahydro-occurrence, 3, 718 thermolysis, 3, 721 Cannabinol, All6-tetrahydro-metabolism, 1, 239 Cannabinol, 3,4-cis-A1,2-tetrahydro-synthesis, 3, 782... 

Russo, E.B. (2004) The history of cannabis as medicine, in Medicinal Uses of Cannabis and Cannabinoids. B.A. Whittle, G.W. Guy, and P Robson, Eds. Pharmaceutical Press, London. 

One important discovery took place during the 1990s when scientists found naturally occurring cannabinoid molecules in mammals, including humans, and cannabinoid receptors in the brain and the body. Researchers identified about half a dozen of these cannabinoids in the human body, which made them want to look more closely at the hundreds of cannabinoids found in marijuana. Scientists want to learn more about why the body has these natural relatives of the cannabinoids in marijuana. Further, pharmaceutical companies want to know if the cannabinoids in marijuana can help the body s own cannabinoids for some therapeutic purposes. Recent research has found, for instance, evidence that some cannabinoids, both the body s own and those found in marijuana, can control some movement disorders, such as Parkinson s disease and Tourette s syndrome, and researchers have also found indications... 

In contrast to opiates, cannabinoids were first approved as pharmaceuticals in the 1980s and 1990s. Their main areas of use are in the treatment of cancer and AIDS patients. 

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