Phalaris

Colegate and co-workers (98P437) isolated (-)-coerulescine (120b) from Phalaris coemlescens and determined that its structure has a 3,3-disubstituted oxindole nucleus (Scheme 18). The synthesis of ( )-coerulescine (120b) was... 

Fossen, T., Slimestad, R., and Andersen, O.M., Anthocyanins from maize Zea mays) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris amndinaceae), J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 2318, 2001. 

Reed Canary Grass Phalaris arundinacea) was grown in liquid culture and exposed to RDX that was metabolized to the potentially toxic 4-nitro-2,4-diazabutanal (Just and Schnoor 2004). This metabolite is also produced from RDX by strains of Rhodococcus sp. and from the homologous octahydro-l,3,5,7-tetranitro-l,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. 

Vymazal, J., Svehla, J., Kropfelova, L., and Chrastny, V., Trace metals in Phragmites australis and Phalaris arundinacea growing in constructed and natural wetlands, Science of the Total Environment, 380 (1-3), 154-162, 2007. 

Phalaris arundinacea (net gossip) 0.060% NN-DMT 5-MeO-DMT PsyChotria spocios (averaged, from Jonathan Ott) 0.200% NN-DMT... 

Grind the plant material to a fine powder. The finer ground the material the better your yields will be. The best technique to pulverize and rupture the cell structure of any plant material is to repeatedly freeze and thaw it over and over again. An example of a plant requiring this treatment is Phalaris arundinacea, a strong and limber grass. Mimosa hostilis root-bark is easily pulverized to a fine powder in a blender, releasing a pink haze. 

In the wetlands of Idaho, the formation of an Fe(III) precipitate (plaque) on the surface of aquatic plant roots (Typha latifolia, cat tail and Phalaris arundinacea, reed canary grass) may provide a means of attenuation and external exclusion of metals and trace elements (Hansel et al, 2002). Iron oxides were predominantly ferrihydrite with lesser amounts of goethite and minor levels of siderite and lepidocrocite. Both spatial and temporal correlations between As and Fe on the root surfaces were observed and arsenic existed as arsenate-iron hydroxide complexes (82%). 

Sangster AG, Hodson MJ, Parry DW, Rees JA. A developmental study of silicifi-cation in the trichomes and associated epidermal structures of the grass Phalaris canariensis L. Ann Bot 1983 52 171-197. 

Except direct use of allelopathic crops as cover crops, smother crops, and intercrops, applications of allelopathy for weed control include the use of allelopathic residues as an herbicide agent, e.g., pellets flours, water extracts, etc. The most common example of crop residue utilization is application of straw on the soil surface (mulching), e.g., rice straw inhibited germination of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), winter wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu), and little-seed canarygrass (Phalaris minor Retz.) (Lee et al. 1991 Tamak et al. 1994 Young et al. 1989). 

Voles M.pennsylvanicus) suffer renal lesions (interstitial nephritis) when fed extracts of white clover, T. repens. Milder lesions were observed after feeding on reed phalaris Phalaris arundinacea) and timothy Phleum pratense). Many varieties of reed phalaris contain the toxic compoimds gramine and tryptamine (Fig.11.15). In summer and autumn, protein levels in the leaves decrease, fiber content goes up, and secondary compoimds increase in concentration. Therefore, second growth plants have more toxic effects on voles than the spring plants that grow fast and have lower levels of secondary compounds (Bergeron etal, 1987). 

NMR spectra heteronuclear gold cluster compounds, 39 345-348 Phalaris canariensis esophageal cancer, 36 144-145 scanning proton microprobe, 36 149 structural motifs of silicas, 36 146 Pharmaceuticals, 18 177 Phase transitions, in chalcogenide halide compounds, 23 332, 408, 412 [PhCHjMejNAlHjlj, 41 225-226 [(PhCH2)jNLi]3 molecular structure, 37 94, 96 in solution, 37 107-108... 

Strontium-90 behaves much hke calcium in the biological environment. In birds, °Sr is expected to occur in bone and in the calcium-rich eggshell. In one case, a positive relation was demonstrated between reactor releases of °Sr to the Columbia River and °Sr concentrations in reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea) and eggshells of the Canada goose (Branta canadensis moffitti) (Rickard and Price 1990). 

Bentley, R., 1691, Dissertation of the Epistles of Phalaris. With an answer to the Objections of the Honourable Charles Boyle, Esquire. London. 

Peroxidase activities were also shown to occur during the bean rust infection process (Mendgen, 1975). In reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L ), peroxidase was identified with the pyrogallol test (Vance and Sherwood, 1976). 

Phalaris genus, including P. aquatica, P. arundi-nacea, P canariensis, and P. tuberosa... 

Schonfeld, M., T. Yaacoby, A.B. Yehuda, B. Rubin, and J. Hirschberg (1986). Triazine resistance in Phalaris paradoxa physiological and molecular analyses. Z. Naturforsch., 42c 779-782. 

Phalaris minor Retz. canary grass, littleseed... 

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